Placeholder Content Image

The good, the bad and the awful – how businesses reacts to online reviews

<p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/mina-tajvidi-1192090">Mina Tajvidi</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/queen-mary-university-of-london-1745">Queen Mary University of London</a>; <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/nick-hajli-1426223">Nick Hajli</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/loughborough-university-1336">Loughborough University</a>, and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/tahir-m-nisar-1050021">Tahir M. Nisar</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-southampton-1093">University of Southampton</a></em></p> <p>Every day travellers across the globe are flocking to popular destinations, eager to relax and create memories.</p> <p>Alongside packing and planning, many turn to online reviews to choose the perfect hotel, restaurant, or activity. These reviews, often shared enthusiastically or with a hint of frustration, play a key role in shaping our experiences. But what happens to these reviews once they are posted? Do businesses truly read them, and if so, do they make changes based on customer feedback?</p> <p>The short answer is yes, businesses do read reviews and often act on them. In fact, for many, it’s a crucial part of their <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S004016252100384X">customer engagement strategy</a>. Reviews offer a treasure trove of insights, from customer satisfaction and service quality to product usability and pricing perceptions. But beyond the numbers and star ratings, reviews provide a story of the customer experience that can highlight strengths and reveal weaknesses.</p> <p>Businesses, particularly in competitive industries like hospitality, often have dedicated teams or <a href="https://broadly.com/blog/reputation-management-tools/">software tools</a> to monitor reviews across platforms like Tripadvisor, Google, and Yelp. These tools can aggregate reviews, analyse sentiments, and even benchmark against competitors.</p> <p>For example, a hotel chain may use these insights to identify common themes in guest feedback, such as complaints about check-in delays or praises for room cleanliness. By doing so, they can prioritise issues and respond effectively.</p> <p>However, reading reviews is just the beginning. The real value lies in how businesses respond to them, and whether they take actionable steps to address the feedback. In many cases, customer reviews have become catalysts for change. For instance, a recurring complaint about outdated decor might prompt a hotel to refurbish its rooms. Similarly, consistent praise for a friendly staff member can lead to rewards or recognition programmes, boosting employee morale and enhancing the overall guest experience.</p> <p><a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10614398">Some businesses</a> go a step further by engaging directly with reviewers. This engagement can take various forms, from public responses thanking customers for their feedback to private messages addressing specific concerns. <a href="https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/ITP-09-2018-0415/full/html">Such interactions</a> not only show that a business values its customers, but also humanises the brand, fostering trust and loyalty. A well-handled response to a negative review can even turn a dissatisfied customer into a loyal advocate.</p> <h2>The role of negative reviews</h2> <p>Negative reviews, while often dreaded by businesses, are an essential component of the feedback process. They provide honest, often blunt insights into what went wrong and where improvements are needed. For instance, during the holiday season, a restaurant might receive complaints about long wait times or underwhelming festive menus. Instead of viewing these reviews as setbacks, savvy businesses see them as opportunities to refine their offerings and enhance customer satisfaction.</p> <p>In some cases, businesses have <a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10614398">used negative reviews</a> as a springboard for innovation. A restaurant receiving feedback about limited vegetarian options might introduce new menu items, attracting a broader clientele and boosting sales. Similarly, a hotel criticised for lack of amenities might invest in additional facilities, improving its appeal and competitiveness.</p> <p>As technology evolves, the landscape of customer reviews and business responses is also changing. The rise of artificial intelligence and machine learning that uses algorithms has made it easier for businesses to analyse vast amounts of feedback and identify trends quickly. This capability allows for more proactive responses, with businesses anticipating issues before they become widespread problems.</p> <p>Moreover, the increasing use of video and photo reviews adds a new dimension to customer feedback. <a href="https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPBM-01-2019-2194/full/html?casa_token=adZDhhc3f0IAAAAA:7jPn1_y31gfB4BjJjLdl8QnnFixO3XCEOKbtemd0N2vhh_UCEHa1vjisRj3X3K1iw7UIRL1yylJGN6CCqPbW1Bs4CoSto1x0M1ntb_RtD7z-ZXHzj7Q">Visual reviews</a> can provide a more vivid portrayal of experiences, from showcasing a beautifully plated dish to highlighting a less-than-sparkling pool.</p> <p>Businesses are adapting to this trend by incorporating user-generated content into their marketing strategies, showcasing real-life customer experiences to attract new clients.</p> <p>However, the rise of fake reviews is a growing concern. In 2023, the popular travel website Tripadvisor <a href="https://www.tripadvisor.com/TransparencyReport2023#group-section-Fake-Reviews-HZjJZOxSZ4">saw an overwhelming influx</a> of user-generated content, with over 30 million reviews, however, amid this vast pool of feedback, 1.3 million reviews were flagged as fraudulent and subsequently removed.</p> <p>In the end, customer reviews are not just fleeting opinions left in the digital atmosphere. They are valuable conversations between businesses and their customers. For businesses, reviews offer an opportunity to understand their clients’ needs, address concerns, and celebrate successes. That is why businesses like <a href="https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/policy-news-views/how-ai-spots-fake-reviews-amazon">Amazon are using AI</a> to manage the reviews.</p> <p>By reading, responding, and, most importantly, acting on reviews, businesses can foster a loyal customer base and continually improve their offerings. So, the next time you leave a review, remember that someone is listening, and your words may just be the catalyst for positive change.<img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/236194/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /></p> <p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/mina-tajvidi-1192090">Mina Tajvidi</a>, Lecturer in Digital Marketing, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/queen-mary-university-of-london-1745">Queen Mary University of London</a>; <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/nick-hajli-1426223">Nick Hajli</a>, AI Strategist and Professor of Digital Strategy, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/loughborough-university-1336">Loughborough University</a>, and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/tahir-m-nisar-1050021">Tahir M. Nisar</a>, Professor of Strategy and Economic Organisation, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-southampton-1093">University of Southampton</a></em></p> <p><em>Image credits: Shutterstock </em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/the-good-the-bad-and-the-awful-how-business-reacts-to-online-reviews-236194">original article</a>.</em></p>

Travel Trouble

Placeholder Content Image

REVIEW: Feel supported and comfortable through every stride with ASICS

<p dir="ltr">Finding the right sports shoe can be a challenge, whether you’re an avid runner, Sunday afternoon walker, or just want the extra support when going from A to B. </p> <p dir="ltr">Then there’s the added difficulty of your foot shape, and finding what works best for you and your circumstances, and when there are so many sports shoes on the market, it’s easy to feel overwhelmed. </p> <p dir="ltr">One of those many brands are ASICS, who are a much loved and trusted staple in the world of activewear for both your body and feet. </p> <p dir="ltr">In July, ASICS announced the launch of their new shoe the GEL-KAYANO 31: a classic shoe in the ASICS range with updated and advanced comfort and support to help you move easier. </p> <p dir="ltr">I was lucky enough to try out the GEL-KAYANO 31, and as one of the many people who have long struggled to find the right shoes for me, these shoes were one hell of a treat. </p> <p dir="ltr">While the GEL-KAYANO shoes are marketed as a “running shoe”, the only running I do is when I’m sprinting to the bus, so as a regular park walker, I put my new shoes to the test. </p> <p dir="ltr">From walking 20 minutes to the shops, to going for an hours-long stroll through the park these shoes did not let me down. </p> <p dir="ltr">The new technical engineered upper material (the bit of the shoe that hugs your ankle) sits a lot higher than other sports shoes, making this shoe so supportive, as you truly feel enclosed and in control. </p> <p dir="ltr">The PureGEL technology, which is designed to improve softness and shock absorption to reduce the impact on your joints and keep you moving comfortably, is second to none, after all my walks my feet felt comfortable, cool, and ready to walk even further. </p> <p dir="ltr">The GEL-KAYANO 31 also features FF BLAST PLUS ECO foam to deliver a softer landing through your movement and energised cushioning to keep you feeling comfortable on harder surfaces.</p> <p dir="ltr">And while I may not fall into the over sixty age as many of you reading this, my dodgy hip and knee would have me feeling very differently, and through my mild mobility issues, these shoes took the pressure off my joints and supported every step. </p> <p dir="ltr">ASICS have also updated the shoe’s outsole with a HYBRID ASICSGRIP rubber material, as the shoe helps provide better traction throughout your movement, to strengthen the shoe’s stability, helping you feel more comfortable for longer. </p> <p dir="ltr">And if that wasn’t enough, ASICS shoes are the only brand of sports footwear to be recommended by Sports Medicine Australia, who are instrumental in working with the brand to address specific biomechanical requirements. </p> <p dir="ltr">Junichiro Tateishi, General Manager of Product Function Research Department, at ASICS said, “We believe the GEL-KAYANO™ 31 shoe not only provides the stability the shoe is famous for, but also delivers a truly impressive level of comfort to help runners go further. We are also proud that GEL-KAYANO™ 31 shoe continues to display its CO2e emissions, printed on its insole as 10.6kg per pair, which shows ASICS’ ongoing commitment to transparency regarding the CO2e emissions, so that runners can feel confident about their choices when purchasing the GEL-KAYANO™ 31 shoe.” </p> <p dir="ltr">“The GEL-KAYANO is a legendary running shoe for a reason, and we’re excited to see how fans of the series enjoy this added comfort when they try the shoe. Our hope is that it helps everyone feel comfortable, confident and uplifted,” said Tateishi.</p> <p dir="ltr">The <a href="https://www.asics.com/nz/en-nz/gel-kayano-31-womens-1012b670-300">GEL-KAYANO 31</a> shoe is available now for men and women from <a href="https://www.asics.com/nz/en-nz/">ASICS</a> retail, online stores and official ASICS stockists for $320 NZD.</p> <p dir="ltr">If you’re in the market for a long-lasting, supportive, stylish and comfortable pair of walking/running shoes, the ASICS GEL-KAYANO 31 will revolutionise the way you move, keeping you supported with every stride. </p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image credits: Supplied</em></p>

Beauty & Style

Placeholder Content Image

We reviewed the health habits of centenarians. These 4 things could lead to a longer life

<p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/zhaoli-dai-keller-1547476">Zhaoli Dai-Keller</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/unsw-sydney-1414">UNSW Sydney</a> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/perminder-sachdev-46869">Perminder Sachdev</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/unsw-sydney-1414">UNSW Sydney</a></em></p> <p>The number of centenarians around the world rose from <a href="https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/Population/">151,000 in 2000</a> to 573,000 in 2021. People are living longer, and we can expect to see more people reach 100 in the years to come.</p> <p>Centenarians <a href="https://academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology/article/67A/4/395/623695">exemplify successful ageing</a>, often experiencing <a href="https://agmr.hapres.com/htmls/AGMR_1264_Detail.html">fewer chronic diseases</a> and maintaining independence in daily life well into their 90s. While <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12979-016-0066-z">genetics contribute</a> to longevity, modifiable factors account for more than 60% <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14624729/">of successful aging</a>.</p> <p>But what sort of factors specifically contribute to living to 100? To find out, we reviewed lifestyle and health habits of centenarians and near-centenarians (those aged 95–99) worldwide.</p> <p>Our <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11357-024-01247-4">recent review</a> included 34 observational studies published since 2000. Here are four key factors we found contribute to extreme longevity.</p> <h2>1. A diverse diet with controlled salt intake</h2> <p>Centenarians and near-centenarians typically had a balanced and diverse diet. We found, on average, they consumed between 57% and 65% of their energy intake from carbohydrates, 12% to 32% from protein, and 27% to 31% from fat. Their diets included staple foods (such as rice and wheat), fruits, vegetables, and protein-rich foods like poultry, fish and legumes, with moderate red meat consumption.</p> <p>This dietary pattern, similar to the <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29852087/">Mediterranean diet</a>, is linked to lower risks of <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14111364">physical function impairment</a> and <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31685303/">death</a>.</p> <p>Most centenarians also preferred a low-salt diet. While only one study in our review measured the mean daily sodium intake, finding 1.6 grams, this was within the <a href="https://www.who.int/data/gho/indicator-metadata-registry/imr-details/3082#:%7E:text=A%20salt%20intake%20of%20less,much%20more%20salt%20than%20recommended">World Health Organization’s</a> recommendation of less than 2g of sodium per day (equivalent to about 5g of salt). The <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20234038/">traditional Okinawan diet</a>, known for its consumption by Japanese centenarians on Okinawa Island, contains an estimated 1.1g of sodium.</p> <p>We found higher salt intake (those who preferred salty food or added extra salt to meals) had a 3.6-fold increased risk of physical function impairment compared to those without a preference for salt.</p> <p>Practically, these findings suggest we should include plenty of wholegrains, root vegetables, beans, legumes, fruits and vegetables in our diet, minimise red meat consumption and opt for lean poultry, fish, and plant-based protein, and monitor salt in our food.</p> <h2>2. Lower medication use</h2> <p>Centenarians are not free from chronic conditions but typically develop them much later than average adults. More than half of the people in our review experienced common issues such as hypertension (high blood pressure), dementia, or cognitive impairment.</p> <p>We found people in our review took an average of 4.6 medications. The most frequently used medications included blood pressure medications and drugs for heart disease. This is similar to the results of <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051563">a large health register-based study</a> in Spain, which found centenarians took an average of 4.9 medications. Non-centenarians in this study took 6.7 medications on average.</p> <p>The fact centenarians appear to take fewer medications may indicate better health with fewer medical conditions. However, data on medication use is often self-reported and so may not be entirely accurate, especially among those with cognitive impairment.</p> <p><a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanhl/article/PIIS2666-7568(24)00007-2/fulltext">Polypharmacy</a> is often defined as taking five or more medications simultaneously, and is common in older adults. Inappropriate polypharmacy is associated with <a href="https://www.nia.nih.gov/news/dangers-polypharmacy-and-case-deprescribing-older-adults">increased risks</a> of adverse events such as falls, cognitive impairment and hospitalisation, due to harmful drug interactions.</p> <p>While the type or number of prescribed medications may not be within a patient’s control, it’s important for doctors to <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12875-017-0642-0">prescribe medications</a> only when necessary, fully inform patients about benefits and risks, and regularly review treatment plans.</p> <h2>3. Getting good sleep</h2> <p>Sleep quality and quantity <a href="https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2013/04/benefits-slumber">affect</a> the immune system, stress hormones, and cardiometabolic functions such as obesity, high blood pressure, and diabetes. Good <a href="https://academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology/article/74/2/204/4837199">sleep</a> is associated with extended years of good health and reduced risks of chronic diseases.</p> <p>In our review, 68% of the centenarians were satisfied with their sleep quality. In a survey of adults’ sleep satisfaction in 13 countries in 2020, sleep satisfaction ranged from <a href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/1233775/adults-worldwide-satisfied-sleep-country/">29% to 67%</a>.</p> <p>The <a href="https://academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology/article/74/2/204/4837199">optimal sleep duration</a> is between seven and eight hours per night. Tips to <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/sleep/art-20048379">achieving better sleep</a> include keeping a regular sleep routine, creating a restful environment, exercising regularly and managing stress.</p> <h2>4. Living environment</h2> <p>More than 75% of the centenarians and near-centenarians in our review lived in rural areas. This is a pattern reflected in “<a href="https://www.bluezones.com/">blue zones</a>”, areas known for high concentrations of centenarians, such as Okinawa in Japan, Sardinia in Italy, the Nicoya Peninsula in Costa Rica, and Ikaria in Greece.</p> <p>This may be partly related to the connection between nature and health and wellbeing. For example, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6562165/">exposure to green space</a> has been associated with lower stress, depression, blood pressure, type 2 diabetes and heart disease, potentially increasing <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2023.107785">life expectancy</a>.</p> <h2>Other important factors</h2> <p>We didn’t look at all lifestyle factors associated with longevity in our review. Research also shows <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S053155650700143X">not smoking</a>, <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2802963">avoiding alcohol</a> or drinking moderately, staying <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3618983/">physically active</a> and maintaining <a href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1991">social connections</a> are important for boosting a person’s chances of living to 100.</p> <p>Of course, adopting the lifestyle changes discussed in this article won’t guarantee you’ll reach the ripe old age of 100. And on the flip side, some centenarians have shared <a href="https://theconversation.com/why-you-should-never-take-nutrition-advice-from-a-centenarian-229159">questionable</a> health habits.</p> <p>But many older adults are seeking to adopt <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9092121/">healthier lifestyles</a> to prevent and manage chronic conditions, while health-care professionals are similarly recognising the value of <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5638636/">lifestyle medicine</a>.</p> <p>The earlier you can adopt positive lifestyle changes and healthier habits, the better placed you’ll be to achieve a long and healthy life. Becoming a centenarian is a lifelong endeavour.<img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/235100/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /></p> <p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/zhaoli-dai-keller-1547476">Zhaoli Dai-Keller</a>, Honorary Senior Lecturer, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney; Nutritional epidemiologist and Lecturer, School of Population Health, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/unsw-sydney-1414">UNSW Sydney</a> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/perminder-sachdev-46869">Perminder Sachdev</a>, Scientia Professor of Neuropsychiatry, Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/unsw-sydney-1414">UNSW Sydney</a></em></p> <p><em>Image credits: Shutterstock</em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/we-reviewed-the-health-habits-of-centenarians-these-4-things-could-lead-to-a-longer-life-235100">original article</a>.</em></p>

Body

Placeholder Content Image

The world's most promiscuous countries revealed

<p>An analysis of the world's sexual habits has revealed the top 10 most promiscuous countries in the world and Turkey came in first. </p> <p>The average Turk has slept with more than 14 people according to the World Population Review, with Australia coming in a close second with the average Aussie having slept with more than 13 people, according to the <em>New York Post</em>. </p> <p>“The average number of sexual partners can vary significantly from country to country, as cultural norms can have a significant impact on the number of people someone has sex with,” the website declared. </p> <p>Their figures were based on a compilation of “datasets from multiple third party sources.”</p> <p>Turkey's top spot may be surprising to some, with most residents being muslim and the country is widely conceived to have traditional views when it comes sex and relationships. </p> <p>New Zealand came in at third, with a similar number to Australia,  followed by Iceland and South Africa. </p> <p>Countries thought to have more liberal views on sex, such as Brazil and France, were lower down the list, with the average Brazilian sleeping with nine people putting them in 25th place, while France clocked in 29th position. </p> <p>The United States clocked in 13th place, with Americans sleeping with an average of 10.7 people. </p> <p><strong>Here's the Top 10 most promiscuous countries:</strong></p> <p>1. Turkey (14.5 people)</p> <p>2. Australia (13.3)</p> <p>3. New Zealand (13.2)</p> <p>4. Iceland (13.0)</p> <p>5. South Africa (12.5)</p> <p>6. Finland (12.4)</p> <p>7. Norway (12.1)</p> <p>8. Italy (11.8)</p> <p>9. Sweden (11.8)</p> <p>10. Switzerland (11.1)</p> <p><em>Image: Getty</em></p> <p> </p>

International Travel

Placeholder Content Image

“Most reviewed bucket in bucket history”: Bizarre Bunnings buy achieves legendary status

<p dir="ltr">Everyone knows that a good review can make or break a product, but for Bunnings, some particularly enthusiastic reviewers have done more than just get their bucket’s name out there - they’ve established a new legend.</p> <p dir="ltr">The Bunnings-branded 20L Pail Bucket, which sells for $8, is now even considered to be the “most reviewed bucket in bucket history”. And if the feedback from its top fans is anything to go by, it’s all for good reason.</p> <p dir="ltr">“Wow. The legends are true,” one declared. “This bucket does far more than just bucket. Paired together with a set of drumsticks, these make fantastic drums … Do yourself a favour and buy a whole set so you can have drumming parties with a group of friends out the back with a few beers and some snags on the barbie.”</p> <p dir="ltr">And as another wrote, “attention, fellow bucket enthusiasts! Feast your eyes upon the legendary Bunnings 20L Bucket, a miraculous marvel that puts all other buckets to shame … Prepare for bucket greatness, my friends. The Bunnings 20L Bucket is here to show you what a real bucket is capable of. Bow down to the bucket supremacy and embrace the bucket revolution! Your world will never be the same again. Bucket on, my comrades!”</p> <p dir="ltr">One wrote up their success using the bucket in a practical manner, titling their take as “the bucket to end all buckets”. </p> <p dir="ltr">One proud bucket owner took a slightly different approach, sharing the tale of their noble pail when they wrote that “once upon a time, there was a humble bucket named Bertie. Bertie the Bunnings Bucket, lived in a small shed in the backyard of a cosy cottage. Every day, Bertie eagerly awaited his owner, a retired landscaper named Gus, to fill him with water. Bertie took pride in nourishing the vibrant flowers and lush plants in the garden. </p> <p dir="ltr">“Over time, Bertie became more than just a vessel; he became a symbol of growth and the beauty that can bloom with a little care.”</p> <p dir="ltr">Another wrote a poem that went a little something like “oh Bunnings buckets, sturdy and strong. So useful for tasks all day long. For gardening, cleaning, and DIY too. There's nothing these buckets can't do … Oh Bunnings buckets, you're the best. Easy to use and always impressed. With you by my side, I can't go wrong. My go-to tool, all day long!”</p> <p dir="ltr">“I purchased this because it was on my bucket list,” shared one fan of puns and buckets alike. “I was so excited I couldn’t keep a lid on it.”</p> <p dir="ltr">And even for those who couldn’t yet fork out the $8 to take the life-changing item home, respect was in the air, with one writing that they would keep saving because “this is THE Bunnings bucket. The bucket. All my mates have one, even my flash neighbours have one. It's a statement bucket.”</p> <p dir="ltr">A labrador, who goes by Tim Tam, even had their humans leave a positive message on their behalf, declaring that “my hoo mans took me to Bunnings and brought me 2 of these buckets, they are my favourite … every day I am excited to see the bucket!”</p> <p dir="ltr">And as one shopper put it quite simply, “it’s a bucket that buckets”. </p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Images: Bunnings</em></p>

Home & Garden

Placeholder Content Image

Global review shows link between social media use, body image and eating disorders

<p>Body image has remains a <a href="https://www.missionaustralia.com.au/what-we-do/research-impact-policy-advocacy/youth-survey" target="_blank" rel="noopener">top personal concern</a> for young people in Australia, with 76% concerned about the issue. </p> <p>Social media use by teens is rising at the same time – with <a href="https://www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/FFF-Guide/Social-Media-and-Teens-100.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">more than 90% on platforms</a> like Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, Snapchat, WeChat and TikTok.</p> <p>While there have long been concerns about the association between social media, body image and eating disorders the connection remains relatively unexplored as a public health issue.</p> <p>Now, researchers from University College London in the UK have undertaken a systematic review of 50 scientific studies across 17 countries showing  clear links between social media use and body image concerns.</p> <p>The paper, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001091" target="_blank" rel="noopener">published</a> in PLOS Global Public Health, analyses the relationship between body image or eating disorders in young people and social media use. </p> <p>The researchers identify specific aspects of social media – platforms with an emphasis on photos, and engaging with “fitspiration” and “thinspiration” trends – as the factors most closely linked to body image concerns, disordered eating and poor mental health.</p> <p>Other key risk factors included female gender, high body-mass-index and pre-existing body image concerns. </p> <p>The researchers note further studies are needed into the direction of causality. </p> <p>“For example, do body image dissatisfaction and disordered eating occur because of social media usage, or do these pre-exist, encourage engagement in certain online activities, and result in unfavourable clinically significant outcomes?” they ask.</p> <p>Eating disorders involve disturbed attitudes to body image, pre-occupation with weight and body shape and are associated with significant negative outcomes such as cardiovascular disease, reduced bone density, and psychiatric conditions.</p> <p>In Australia, the <a href="https://butterfly.org.au/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Butterfly Foundation</a> reports eating disorders affect around one million people, with the conditions causing more people die each year than the road toll. </p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images  </em></p> <p><em>This article was originally published on <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/health/social-media-use-body-image/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">cosmosmagazine.com</a> and was written by Petra Stock. </em></p>

Technology

Placeholder Content Image

Review: A Routine Infidelity

<p dir="ltr">Established screenwriter Elizabeth Coleman has quite the resume behind her - from contributing to every season of <em>Miss Fisher’s Murder Mysteries</em> and <em>Miss Fisher’s Modern Murder Mysteries </em>to penning four published plays, she’s tried it all. And now, she has added ‘author of “a delightfully sharp and clever murder mystery”’ to the mix. </p> <p dir="ltr"><em>A Routine Infidelity </em>marks Coleman’s entry into the cosy crime genre, and sees protagonist Edwina ‘Ted’ Bristol - a private investigator based in Melbourne - spending her days hunting down “cheating husbands and missing chihuahuas”, dreaming of something more exciting. </p> <p dir="ltr">Her wish comes true when her sister, Bob, falls victim to a catfisher. With her trusty sidekick Miss Marple - a miniature schnauzer and star of the show - in tow, Ted sets out to get to the bottom of Bob’s trouble. Nothing is ever quite so simple though, especially not for Ted, who soon must find a way to juggle the scam, a case worth millions, and the heavy weight of her past. </p> <p dir="ltr">With twists and turns abound, and characters bursting with life, Coleman’s novel will keep readers turning the pages to see what transpires next. Although a heavy family plot carries throughout the novel - a secret hangs over Ted, one she’d prefer to avoid - there are plenty of moments for a chuckle out loud, like when Ted wants very much to hit someone she’s not best pleased with, “but not as much as she wanted to avoid a negative Google review.” </p> <p dir="ltr">There are multiple plots that take place over the course of the book, and there are points where the story might have benefitted from focussing more on one, to help build reader investment beyond interest in what it meant for the characters. </p> <p dir="ltr">There are also a few instances where the book feels as though it needs to get as much information out as possible, and errs on the side of ‘telling’ where it should be ‘showing’ to achieve this. However, as this is only the first in a series of books, it’s likely that there’s much more to be seen after the initial setup, and any remaining questions are simply yet to be answered. </p> <p dir="ltr">The relationships between Coleman’s characters are what make the book. Ted and her sister Bob - who is, by all accounts, the nicest person in Coleman’s Melbourne - are thick as thieves, though their roles don’t necessarily align with what is typically expected of two sisters. Ted would do anything for Bob, and by the end of the novel, so would many readers. </p> <p dir="ltr">Ted’s ‘connection’ with local neighbourhood medium Chantel is a point of both frustration and amusement throughout - Ted initially wants nothing to do with her, but when Chantel has a premonition with the potential to change Ted’s entire life, she’s forced to reevaluate her feelings. </p> <p dir="ltr">And most importantly, Ted’s bond with her beloved canine companion, Miss Marple, is nothing short of a highlight. Miss Marple’s ‘I-don’t-have-time-for-this’ attitude is something pet owners all across the world can relate to, but in a perfect demonstration of a dog’s love, she is always there when Ted needs her most - even if she isn’t quite so willing to offer that sought-after cuddle. </p> <p dir="ltr">And so, as publisher Pantera Press have said, “if you love the madcap adventures of Phryne Fisher, you’re sure to love Ted Bristol, written by Elizabeth Coleman, screenwriter for <em>Miss Fisher’s Murder Mysteries</em>”. </p> <p dir="ltr">Overall rating: 3.5/5</p> <p dir="ltr">Find your copy here, and at all good local booksellers: </p> <p dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.amazon.com.au/Routine-Infidelity-Elizabeth-Coleman/dp/064547679X/ref=tmm_pap_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&amp;qid=1678940919&amp;sr=8-1">Amazon</a> (Kindle: $11.50, paperback: $19.99)</p> <p dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.booktopia.com.au/a-routine-infidelity-elizabeth-coleman/book/9780645476798.html">Booktopia </a>(Paperback: $24.90)</p> <p dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.qbd.com.au/a-routine-infidelity/elizabeth-coleman/9780645476798/">QBD Books</a> (Paperback: $19.99)</p> <p dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.dymocks.com.au/book/a-routine-infidelity-by-elizabeth-coleman-9780645476798">Dymocks</a> (Paperback: $24.99)</p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Images: OverSixty</em></p>

Books

Placeholder Content Image

Yes, masks reduce the risk of spreading COVID, despite a review saying they don’t

<p>The question of whether and to what extent face masks work to prevent respiratory infections such as COVID and influenza has split the scientific community for <a href="https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-2007-03-06-0703060040-story.html">decades</a>.</p> <p>Although there is strong evidence face masks <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020748920301139?via%3Dihub">significantly reduce transmission of such infections</a> both in health-care settings and in the community, some experts do not agree.</p> <p>An updated <a href="https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD006207.pub6/full">Cochrane Review</a> published last week is the latest to suggest face masks don’t work in the community.</p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"> <p dir="ltr" lang="en">"Wearing masks in the community probably makes little or no difference to the outcome of laboratory‐confirmed influenza/SARS‐CoV‐2 compared to not wearing masks"<a href="https://twitter.com/CochraneLibrary?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@CochraneLibrary</a> Review.<br />Published: 30 January 2023 <a href="https://t.co/zODu6QEF1M">https://t.co/zODu6QEF1M</a> <a href="https://t.co/c26yHPaSCD">pic.twitter.com/c26yHPaSCD</a></p> <p>— Robin Monotti (@robinmonotti) <a href="https://twitter.com/robinmonotti/status/1620311528523304960?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January 31, 2023</a></p></blockquote> <p>However there are problems with the review’s methodology and its underpinning assumptions about transmission.</p> <p>The Cochrane Review combined randomised controlled trials (RCTs) using <a href="https://ebn.bmj.com/content/16/1/3">meta-analysis</a>. RTCs test an intervention in one group and compare it with a “control” group that doesn’t receive the intervention or receives a different intervention. A meta-analysis pools the results of multiple studies.</p> <p>This approach assumes (a) RCTs are the “best” evidence and (b) combining results from multiple RCTs will give you an average “effect size”.</p> <p>But RCTs are only the undisputed gold standard for certain kinds of questions. For other questions, a mix of study designs is better. And RCTs should be combined in a meta-analysis only if they are all addressing the same research question in the same way.</p> <p>Here are some reasons why the conclusions of this Cochrane Review are misleading.</p> <h2>It didn’t consider how COVID spreads and how masks work</h2> <p>COVID, along with influenza and many other respiratory diseases, is transmitted primarily <a href="https://theconversation.com/covid-how-the-disease-moves-through-the-air-173490">through the air</a>.</p> <p>Respirators (such as N95s) are designed and regulated to prevent airborne infections by fitting <a href="https://theconversation.com/high-filtration-masks-only-work-when-they-fit-so-we-created-a-new-way-to-test-if-they-do-155987">closely to the face</a> to prevent air leakage and by filtering out 95% or more of potential infectious particles.</p> <p>In contrast, surgical masks are designed to prevent splatter of fluid on the face and are loose-fitting, causing unfiltered air to leak in through the gaps around the mask. The filtration of a surgical mask is not regulated.</p> <p>In other words, respirators are designed for respiratory protection and cloth and surgical masks are not.</p> <p>The review starts with an assumption that masks provide respiratory protection, which is flawed. An understanding of these differences should inform both studies and reviews of those studies.</p> <h2>The studies addressed quite different questions</h2> <p>A common mistake in meta-analysis is to combine apples and oranges. If apples work but oranges don’t, combining all studies in a single average figure may lead to the conclusion that apples do not work.</p> <p>This Cochrane Review combined RCTs where face masks or respirators were worn part of the time (for example, when caring for patients with known COVID or influenza: “occasional” or “targeted” use) with RCTs where they were worn at all times (“continuous use”).</p> <p>Because both SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses are airborne, an unmasked person could be infected anywhere in the building and even after an infectious patient has left the room, especially since some people have <a href="https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2109229118">no symptoms</a> while contagious.</p> <p>Most RCTs of masks and N95s included in the review have not had a <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/184819">control arm</a> – therefore finding no difference could indicate equal efficacy or equal inefficacy.</p> <p><a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2749214">Studies</a> examining wearing a surgical mask or respirator (such as an N95) only when in contact with sick people or when doing a high-risk procedure (occasional use) have generally shown that, when worn in this way, there is no difference.</p> <p>An RCT comparing occasional versus continuous use of respirators in health care workers <a href="https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/10.1164/rccm.201207-1164OC?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&amp;rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&amp;rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubme">showed</a> N95 respirators and surgical masks were equally ineffective when only worn occasionally by hospital workers. They had to wear them all the time at work to be protected.</p> <p>We also combined only apples and apples in a <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/irv.12474">meta-analysis</a> of two RCTs conducted in exactly the same way and measuring the same interventions and outcomes. We found N95 respirators provide significant protection against respiratory infections when surgical masks did not, even against infections assumed to be “droplet spread”.</p> <h2>Most trials addressed only half the question</h2> <p>Face masks and respirators work in two ways: they protect the wearer from becoming infected and they prevent an infected wearer from spreading their germs to other people.</p> <p>Most RCTs in this Cochrane Review looked only at the former scenario, not the latter. In other words, the researchers had asked people to wear masks and then tested to see if those people became infected.</p> <p>A previous <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20092668/">systematic review</a> found face masks worn by sick people during an influenza epidemic reduced the risk of them transmitting the infection to family members or other carers. Preventing an infection in one person also prevents onward transmission to others within a closed setting, which means such RCTs should use a special method called “cluster randomisation” to account for this.</p> <p>Data from a RCT of N95 respirator use by <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0300060516665491?rfr_dat=cr_pub++0pubmed&amp;url_ver=Z39.88-2003&amp;rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org">health workers</a> showed even their unmasked colleagues were protected. Yet some of the trials included in the review did not use cluster randomisation.</p> <h2>The new paper combined health and community settings</h2> <p>This is another apples-plus-oranges issue. Different settings have widely differing risks of transmission, since airborne particles build up when sick patients are exhaling the virus in <a href="https://theconversation.com/heres-where-and-how-you-are-most-likely-to-catch-covid-new-study-174473">underventilated, crowded settings</a> especially if many infected people are present (such as in a hospital).</p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"> <p dir="ltr" lang="en">Here’s where (and how) you are most likely to catch COVID – new study <a href="https://t.co/Ro88Shc897">https://t.co/Ro88Shc897</a> <a href="https://t.co/TlFA9EQskF">pic.twitter.com/TlFA9EQskF</a></p> <p>— Jeffrey J Davis (@JeffreyJDavis) <a href="https://twitter.com/JeffreyJDavis/status/1484210379093954564?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January 20, 2022</a></p></blockquote> <p>A genuine protective effect of masks or respirators shown in a RCT in a high-risk setting will be obscured if that trial is combined in a meta-analysis with several other RCTs that were conducted in low-risk settings.</p> <p>A large <a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abi9069">RCT in the community in Bangladesh</a> found face masks reduced the risk of infection by 11% overall and 35% in people over 60 years. In contrast, in <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/irv.12474">hospitals</a>, N95 reduce risk by 67% against bacterial infections and 54% against viral infections.</p> <p>Viruses like influenza also vary substantially from year to year – some years there is very little influenza, and if a RCT is conducted during such a year, it will not find enough infections to show a difference. The review failed to account for such seasonal effects.</p> <h2>But did they actually wear the mask?</h2> <p>The authors of the Cochrane Review acknowledged compliance with masking advice was poor in most studies. In the real world, we can’t force people to follow medical advice, so RCTs should be analysed on an “intention to treat” basis.</p> <p>For example, people who are prescribed the active drug but who choose not to take it should not be shifted to the placebo group for the analysis. But if in a study of masking, most people don’t actually wear them, you can’t conclude that masks don’t work when the study shows no difference between the groups. You can only conclude that the mask advice didn’t work in this study.</p> <p>There is a great deal of <a href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0246317">psychological evidence</a> on why people do or don’t choose to comply with advice to mask and how to improve uptake. The science of masking needs to separate the impact of the mask itself from the impact of the advice to mask.</p> <p>Mask-wearing <a href="https://www.ijidonline.com/article/S1201-9712(21)00274-5/fulltext">goes up</a> substantially to over 70% if there is an actual mandate in place.</p> <h2>It didn’t include other types of research</h2> <p>A comprehensive review of the evidence would also include other types of study besides RCTs. For example, a <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620311429">large systematic review</a> of 172 various study designs, which included 25,697 patients with SARS-CoV-2, SARS, or MERS, concluded masks were effective in preventing transmission of respiratory viruses.</p> <p>Well-designed <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7106e1.htm?s_cid=mm7106e1_w">real-world studies</a> during the pandemic showed any mask reduces the risk of COVID transmission by 50–80%, with the highest protection offered by N95 respirators.</p> <p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20095070/">Many lab-based studies</a> have shown respirators are superior to masks at preventing airborne respiratory infections and the <a href="https://thorax.bmj.com/content/75/11/1024.long">incremental superiority</a> from a single to two layered cloth mask to a three-layered surgical mask in blocking respiratory aerosols.</p> <h2>Yes, masks reduce the spread of COVID</h2> <p>There is strong and consistent evidence for the effectiveness of masks and (even more so) respirators in protecting against respiratory infections. Masks are an important protection against serious infections.</p> <p>Current COVID vaccines protect against death and hospitalisation, but do <a href="https://fortune.com/well/2023/01/06/kraken-xbb15-omicron-covid-variant-most-transmissible-yet-could-spawn-more-immune-evasive-variants-study-china-vaccine-monoclonal-antibodies-breakthrough-infection/">not prevent infection</a> well due to waning vaccine immunity and substantial immune escape from new variants.</p> <p>A systematic review is only as good as the rigour it employs in combining similar studies of similar interventions, with similar measurement of outcomes. When very different studies of different interventions are combined, the results are not informative.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://theconversation.com/yes-masks-reduce-the-risk-of-spreading-covid-despite-a-review-saying-they-dont-198992" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Conversation</a>. </em></p>

Body

Placeholder Content Image

The must-know Google Translate hack for your next holiday

<p dir="ltr">When travelling overseas, one thing we can often run into is an issue with the language barrier. </p> <p dir="ltr">Whether it's chatting to someone in a store or trying to decipher street signs and menus, when exploring international locations, it's important to be prepared to communicate. </p> <p dir="ltr">One savvy traveller has shared a must-know tip for your next trip abroad, which will get you out of sticky situations. </p> <p dir="ltr">When Nguyen was travelling in Turkey, she found herself stumped when trying to order off a menu written in a language she didn’t speak. </p> <p dir="ltr">However, she discovered that if you open the Google Translate app and point the camera at the foreign text, it will instantly translate it to English. </p> <p dir="ltr">"Literally, it translates everything within seconds. How sick is that?" she said. </p> <p dir="ltr">The feature automatically detects the language shown on camera and immediately translates it to the user's preferred language. </p> <p dir="ltr">The camera can currently interpret over 85 language scripts and can translate into any of the languages supported on Google Translate, which can be downloaded on both iPhone and Android devices.</p> <p dir="ltr">"You guys need to get onto this and thank me later," said Nguyen.</p> <p dir="ltr">While Nguyen found the tech an illuminating discovery, her TikTok video was flooded by users saying they had been using the app for their international travels for years, with the camera feature being available to the public since at least 2018.</p> <p dir="ltr">"I'm 71 and feel good today, been using this for years," said one.</p> <p dir="ltr">Another commented, "Welcome to 2022 you're years late!"</p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p>

Travel Tips

Placeholder Content Image

Review: Il Trovatore at the Sydney Opera House

<p dir="ltr">Tarot, clowns, romance, and drama abound in Opera Australia’s rendition of <em>Il Trovatore</em>, the melodramatic tale created by famed operatic composer Guiseppe Verdi.</p> <p dir="ltr">Set in 15th-century Spain, <em>Il Trovatore</em> follows Manrico (Yonghoon Lee), a rebel soldier and troubadour who is in love with lady-in-waiting Leonora (Leah Crocetto), who has also caught the attention of the Count di Luna (Maim Aniskin).</p> <p dir="ltr">Some years before the opera is set, the Count’s father accused a Romani woman of bewitching one of his sons and had her burned at the stake, but not before her daughter, Azucena (Elena Gabouri), supposedly snatched his son and threw him into the fire as well.</p> <p dir="ltr">It is then revealed that Azucena had mistakenly burned her own child in the fire and had taken Manrico from the count and raised him as her own son.</p> <p dir="ltr">With Azucena urging him to exact revenge on the current Count, Manrico rescues Leonora from the Count and they plan to marry each other.</p> <p dir="ltr">However, when Azucena is arrested and Manrico is captured attempting to rescue her, Leonora is faced with the decision to make the ultimate sacrifice to save her beloved.</p> <p><span id="docs-internal-guid-bcdc5a5f-7fff-1384-592c-9b2d817d45bb"></span></p> <p dir="ltr">Opera Australia’s rendition of this classic opera blends tradition with innovation: the setting shifts forward in time to the Spanish Civil War and traditional set pieces are replaced primarily with towering digital screens.</p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-cbdadbce-7fff-2ea2-a3fb-aab6cce5fa6e">Though this change in setting was captured well with the costuming, with the Count’s men donned in 40s era grey overcoats and armed with a mix of swords and pistols, the digital stagecraft captured the ambience of Il Trovatore more than a sense of place and came across as shallow in some moments.</span></p> <p dir="ltr"><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/07/il-trovatore1.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p dir="ltr">That said, the digital aspects weren’t without their positives, playing with the audience’s sense of space and highlighting important aspects of the story, with projections of a series of tarot cards (a nod to Romani culture), a rundown circus, and a disembodied clown head as notable examples.</p> <p dir="ltr">The rotating stage of the Opera House’s Joan Sutherland Theatre and select physical props and sets were used quite effectively to capture the dilapidated circus grounds and hospital. Meanwhile, silhouetting the cast to punctuate between scenes and songs and circus folk and henchmen frozen mid-fight showed how the cast could themselves become scenery.</p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-fa69e0eb-7fff-477f-808e-e83537b0973c"></span></p> <p dir="ltr">As for the cast themselves, Lee shone as the fierce troubadour, even when he seemed to falter and be visibly in pain on some notes. Gabouri’s casting as Azucena seemed a perfect fit, given her powerful vocals and the strength with which she played her character.</p> <p dir="ltr"><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/07/trovatore-cast.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Yonghoon Lee (left) and Elena Gabouri (right) shine as Manrico and Azucena, and their chemistry as mother and son is electric.</em></p> <p dir="ltr">Aniskin’s cold and menacing portrayal of the Count came through particularly in the second act, while Crocetto’s incredible range helped her shine as the leading lady Leonora.</p> <p dir="ltr">The orchestra, led by Andrea Battistoni, were exceptional throughout in capturing the highs, lows, and intricacies of Verdi’s music.</p> <p dir="ltr">As a first-time opera goer, the need to look at the surtitles above the stage made it difficult to stay immersed, particularly as they seemed to translate the essence of what was being sung rather than the literal lyrics.</p> <p dir="ltr">Even so, Opera Australia’s rendition of Il Trovatore is engaging in its fusion of tradition and tech, and its stellar cast breathe life into a story that is just as relevant today as it was when it was first written.</p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-f73b4808-7fff-5ff4-dd47-827b2162d498"></span></p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Il Trovatore</em> will be performed at the Sydney Opera House on select dates until July 30, with tickets available to purchase <a href="https://opera.org.au/productions/il-trovatore-sydney/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>.</p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Images: Keith Saunders</em></p>

Domestic Travel

Placeholder Content Image

14 great movies that got rotten reviews when they came out

<h2>Critics missed the mark on these movies</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Before there was the almighty review section of every online shopping site, we looked to movie critics to fill us in on whether a film was worthy of our dollars, eyeballs, and time. A trip to the movie theatre isn’t exactly an inexpensive activity, so the opinions of these cinephiles has been historically a pretty important factor in terms of whether or not we buy those tickets. However, these film buffs don’t always get it right. In fact, some features that were badly panned by critics ended up becoming what we now consider the best movies of all time.</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">This surprising list includes some of the most iconic dramas, comedies, romantic movies, and horror films – many of which went on to become blockbusters and award winners. It just goes to show you that sometimes it’s best to trust your gut and take a chance on a big-screen story that looks interesting, regardless of what the so-called experts have to say.</p> <h2>Vertigo</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1958</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Alfred Hitchcock</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Directed by Alfred Hitchcock, Vertigo tells the story of a former police detective battling his own demons who becomes obsessed with a beautiful woman. Starring James Stewart and Kim Novak, the film is now considered a classic by fans of thriller movies, and of Hitchcock in particular. It’s hard to believe any critic could have distaste for a film that’s held in such high regard today, but Time magazine’s review was less than stellar: ‘The old master has turned out another Hitchcock-and-bull story in which the mystery is not so much who done it as who cares.’ Although we appreciate the reviewer’s pun, if you love a good mystery, give Vertigo a watch.</p> <h2>2001: A Space Odyssey</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1968</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Stanley Kubrick</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">One of the best sci-fi movies ever, this flick directed by Stanley Kubrick is about astronauts sent to the moon on a mysterious mission who wind up in a battle between man and machine. ‘For all its lively visual and mechanical spectacle, this is a kind of space-Spartacus and, more pretentious still, a shaggy God story,’ wrote John Simon of the New Leader when the film came out. Keep in mind that the movie won an Oscar for its dazzling visual effects (which were a big deal for the time), and Kubrick was also nominated for the Best Director award. We side with the real critics – the fans – on this one, because 2001: A Space Odyssey was an instant classic that earned its place in film history.</p> <h2>Armageddon</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1998</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Michael Bay</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">There are so many things to love about Armageddon: there’s action, romance, family drama, and cool special effects. Oh, and Aerosmith’s killer power ballad ‘I Don’t Want to Miss a Thing,’ which gives the flick one of the best movie soundtracks. It also boasts a great cast with Ben Affleck, Bruce Willis, and Liv Tyler. Still, film critics weren’t sold. ‘The movie is an assault on the eyes, the ears, the brain, common sense, and the human desire to be entertained,’ wrote Roger Ebert in 1998. The New York Times‘ Janet Maslin penned a similarly terrible review, saying, ‘Though it means to be inspiring, it has quite the opposite effect. There’s not a believable moment here.’</p> <h2>A Star Is Born</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1976</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Frank Pierson</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Today when we think of A Star Is Born, we conjure up images of the most recent adaption starring Bradley Cooper and Lady Gaga. But back in 1976, Kris Kristofferson and Barbra Streisand put their own spin on one of the best movie musicals of all time, about a former star helping a fledgling singer find fame while his own career falters due to age and alcoholism. The heartbreaking drama had audiences in tears all over the world, but apparently for some critics, those were tears of agony. ‘A bore is starred,’ quipped the Village Voice‘s famous review of the film. A review in the Hollywood Reporter was slightly less savage, complaining mainly that the flick focuses too much on the main stars and not enough on the supporting cast. Still, if you loved the Cooper and Gaga version, you should check out the 1976 entry.</p> <h2>Gladiator</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 2000</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Ridley Scott</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Even if you’re not a pop culture trivia whiz, you probably know where is this movie quote from: “Are you not entertained?” Of course, it’s this surprising underdog story. In the Ridley Scott directed picture, Maximus (Russell Crowe) starts out as a big-deal general who finds himself demoted to common gladiator after a sinister betrayal. Needless to say, this move does little to help him avenge his murdered family, so like any good action film character, he has to take matters into his own hands. Gladiator was a massive hit at the box office, so clearly movie seekers thought it was worth seeing. But Roger Ebert’s review wasn’t so sparkling: ‘By the end of this long film, I would have traded any given gladiatorial victory for just one shot of blue skies.’</p> <h2>Jaws</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1975</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Steven Spielberg</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Yes, it’s a horror movie, but it’s also one of the best beach movies ever made – and started the tradition of the summer blockbuster. Jaws further proved its power by literally making people afraid to go in the ocean for fear of sharks after its 1975 premiere – and today. Directed by Steven Spielberg, the film stars Roy Scheider as a local sheriff desperate to locate a killer shark plaguing the oh-so-quaint Amity Island. The mere sound of the Jaws theme music (you know the one) insinuates there’s trouble afoot. Although the film did get many fine reviews from critics back in the day, it also had its fair share of harsh comments. ‘While I have no doubt that Jaws will make a bloody fortune for Universal and producers Richard Zanuck and David Brown, it is a coarse-grained and exploitive work which depends on excess for its impact,’ wrote Charles Champlin in the Los Angeles Times. ‘Ashore it is a bore, awkwardly staged and lumpily written.’</p> <h2>The Shawshank Redemption</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1994</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Frank Darabont</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">The Shawshank Redemption gifted us the wonderful big-screen duo of Andy (Tim Robbins) and Red (Morgan Freeman) in one of the best drama movies of all time. As they spend years together in prison, the film chronicles the journey of these unlikely friends, long-term inmates who form a close bond. On any given weekend you’re like to find this movie being replayed on television because it’s that good to watch over and over again. Some critics, however, found the film listless. ‘Speaking of jail, Shawshank-the-movie seems to last about half a life sentence,’ writes Desson Thomson in the Washington Post. ‘The story, chiefly about the 20-year friendship between Freeman and Robbins, becomes incarcerated in its own labyrinthine sentimentality.’</p> <h2>Psycho</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1960</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Alfred Hitchcock</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">This Hitchcock thriller’s shower scene featuring Janet Leigh’s heart-pounding screams has been riffed on countless times in pop culture. And to this day motel manager Norman Bates is still among the creepiest of all film characters – made all the more disturbing because this horror movie is inspired by a real story. The movie was also shocking to audiences because in a surprise twist (spoiler alert!) the purported lead star is killed off early on in the movie. But of course, critics wouldn’t be critics without some sort of, you guessed it, criticism. ‘The trail leads to a sagging, swamp-view motel and to one of the messiest, most nauseating murders ever filmed,’ says a Time review. ‘At close range, the camera watches every twitch, gurgle, convulsion, and haemorrhage in the process by which a living human becomes a corpse…. The nightmare that follows is expertly gothic, but the nausea never disappears.’ Actually, that’s kind of a compliment for a horror flick!</p> <h2>Pretty Woman</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1990</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Garry Marshall</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Julia Roberts was nominated for a Best Actress Oscar for her role in 1990’s Pretty Woman, now considered one of the best romantic comedies of all time. Many poked fun at the idea of a wealthy businessman falling for a call girl he meets in Hollywood, but moviegoers fell in love with the couple and the pairing of Roberts with actor Richard Gere. Time magazine critic Richard Corliss wrote, ‘A ticket to Pretty Woman buys you mechanical titillation and predictable twists…Old-fashioned, assembly-line moviemaking without the old panache.’ Perhaps, but we still love it, and so do a legion of fans.</p> <h2>Dirty Dancing</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1987</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Emile Ardolino</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Maybe you’re just in it for the dancing, the romance, or the nostalgia, but Dirty Dancing is one of those flicks you can watch over and over because it just makes you feel good. And we’d be remiss if we didn’t mention its iconic line, “Nobody puts Baby in a corner.” But Roger Ebert wasn’t here for any of it. ‘The filmmakers rely so heavily on clichés, on stock characters in old situations, that it’s as if they never really had any confidence in their performers,’ he said in his review. Another critic, for TV Guide, felt the supporting cast was pretty unlikeable. ‘One problem with the film is that it does nothing to endear the Catskill social setting to an audience; the inhabitants seem to be competing for awards in obnoxiousness,’ wrote Sandra Contreras. That’s an interesting observation, especially as 40 years later, guests still enjoy visiting the Dirty Dancing resort where the movie was filmed.</p> <h2>The Shining</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1980</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Stanley Kubrick</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">If you’ve ever read Stephen King’s novel of the same name, you know it’s one of the scariest books of all time. And director Stanley Kubrick’s cinematic take on the scary tale definitely leaves us feeling unsettled. But despite a memorable performance by Jack Nicholson as Jack Torrance, a man who, with his family, spends the winter in an isolated, haunted hotel, film reviewers weren’t so wowed by it. ‘Stanley Kubrick’s production of The Shining, a ponderous, lacklustre distillation of Stephen King’s best-selling novel, looms as the Big Letdown of the new film season,’ said Gary Arnold in the Washington Post. “I can’t recall a more elaborately ineffective scare movie. You might say that The Shining, opening today at area theatres, has no peers: few directors achieve the treacherous luxury of spending five years (and $12 million to $15 million) on such a peerlessly wrongheaded finished product.” Ineffective? Horror fans would disagree.</p> <h2>It’s a Wonderful Life</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1946</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Frank Capra</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">We often assume that classic holiday films like It’s a Wonderful Life must have always inspired the feel-good emotions that make it prime for repeat viewing. But while this story of a disappointed small-town man’s visit from an angel is uplifting for many, it didn’t warm critics’ hearts when it first came out. ‘Indeed, the weakness of this picture, from this reviewer’s point of view, is the sentimentality of it – its illusory concept of life,’ read a line in the New York Times’ review. Meanwhile, in New York’s Daily News, Kate Cameron wrote, ‘The film is too sprawling in extent, too noisy as to background music and voices and much too obvious in the application of its social significance notes.’ We beg to differ: it’s one of the best Christmas movies that brings tears to our eyes every holiday season.</p> <h2>The Empire Strikes Back</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1980</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Irvin Kershner</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Despite that this movie is (almost) universally considered to be the best in the Star Wars  franchise, film reviewers picked at the second flick in the saga just as they did the first. In this ‘episode,’ Luke Skywalker is in Jedi training with Yoda, and the rest of the gang is still at odds with Darth Vader and Boba Fett. So what beef could critics have with The Empire Strikes Back? Oh, plenty. ‘This time out, the Star Wars enterprise isn’t anywhere as enjoyable as the original,’ wrote Joy Gould Boynum in the Wall Street Journal. “One might argue that all this represents a gain, adding to the original, sophistication, richness, depth. But truth to tell, these developments seem little more than inappropriate. To place internal struggles within one-dimensional characters who by definition have no interior is absurd.”</p> <h2>Inception</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 2010</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Christopher Nolan</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Sometimes a movie is so high concept, even the critics can’t get behind its artistic gravitas. That seems to be the case with this thriller starring Leonardo DiCaprio, about a thief who uses dream-sharing technology to commit his crimes. The tables are turned, however, when he’s asked to actually put an idea into a dream, rather than steal from it. The film was an awards-show darling, scoring dozens of nominations and even winning four Oscars in mainly technical categories. However, Rex Reed’s review for the Observer might most succinctly sum up how many folks felt about it: ‘I’d like to tell you just how bad Inception really is, but since it is barely even remotely lucid, no sane description is possible.’</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;"><em><strong>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/true-stories-lifestyle/entertainment/23-great-movies-that-got-rotten-reviews-when-they-came-out?pages=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reader’s Digest</a>.</strong></em></p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;"><em>Image: Shutterstock</em></p>

Movies

Placeholder Content Image

9 great movies that got rotten reviews when they came out

<h2>Critics missed the mark on these movies</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Before there was the almighty review section of every online shopping site, we looked to movie critics to fill us in on whether a film was worthy of our dollars, eyeballs, and time. A trip to the movie theatre isn’t exactly an inexpensive activity, so the opinions of these cinephiles has been historically a pretty important factor in terms of whether or not we buy those tickets. However, these film buffs don’t always get it right. In fact, some features that were badly panned by critics ended up becoming what we now consider the best movies of all time.</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">This surprising list includes some of the most iconic dramas, comedies, romantic movies, and horror films – many of which went on to become blockbusters and award winners. It just goes to show you that sometimes it’s best to trust your gut and take a chance on a big-screen story that looks interesting, regardless of what the so-called experts have to say.</p> <h2>Clueless</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1995</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Amy Heckerling</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Critics didn’t love Clueless as much as audiences? As if! The reviews were most certainly mixed on this 1995 comedy, based on Jane Austen’s Emma and starring Alicia Silverstone as Cher, a Beverly Hills teen navigating her social circle and the halls of her wealthy high school. Time magazine critic Richard Corliss had this to say about the film upon its release: “Paying to see Clueless is not really mandatory. You can learn most of the jokes by surfing the TV and newspaper reviews and get a hint of Silverstone’s blithe lustre by watching MTV’s relentless promotions. Taking this Cliffs Notes route, moreover, saves you from sitting through several slow stretches of plot sludge.” Way harsh! Personally, we think Cher and her crew offer a timeless classic that touches on all of the nuances of teenagedom, even if it’s in a glossy, California setting.</p> <h2>Casablanca</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1942</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Michael Curtiz</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">An American expat (Humphrey Bogart) running a nightclub in Casablanca, Morocco, must decide whether to help his former lover (Ingrid Bergman) and her husband escape the country during the early days of World War II. Today, when we think of Casablanca we think of romance, intrigue, and the glamorous bygone era of old Hollywood. But at the time, the New Statesman’s critique of the beloved classic said the love story was “horribly wooden” and filled with “clichés everywhere that lower the tension.” To the fans of the film who are offended by such a shoddy review, or to those who are about to discover it for the first time, we say, “Here’s looking at you, kid.” After all, the flick is filled with some of the most memorable movie quotes of all time.</p> <h2>Taken</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 2009</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Pierre Morel</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Just when he thought he could take it easy, a retired CIA agent (Liam Neeson) finds himself right back in the action and putting himself in danger when he must save his kidnapped daughter. Fans ate up every minute of one of the best action movies of all time, spawning sequels; however, critics were less than thrilled. Roger Ebert only gave the movie two and a half stars, saying it was “preposterous,” although he admitted no one expects these kinds of popcorn thrillers to be plausible. Entertainment Weekly called it a “propulsively outlandish B movie.” Not exactly the words that would inspire someone to plop down the cash for a movie ticket. But moviegoers did, and it turned Neeson into a bona fide action star. For the record, he went on to play the character of Bryan Mills another two times.</p> <h2>The Wizard of Oz</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1939</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Victor Fleming</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">A tornado sweeps Dorothy and her dog, Toto, away from Kansas to the magical land of Oz, where she meets new friends and foes in her quest to get home. The Wizard of Oz is one of those classic family movies your kids will love – and that you’ll be excited to watch together for the first time. Today, the flick seems like something spectacular, and the nostalgia involved warms the heart. But Otis Ferguson, film critic for The New Republic, hated the film at the time of its release, writing, “It has dwarfs, music, technicolor, freak characters, and Judy Garland. It can’t be expected to have a sense of humour as well – and as for the light touch of fantasy, it weighs like a pound of fruitcake soaking wet.” But the joke was on him, as the film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Picture.</p> <h2>The Godfather Part II</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1974</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Francis Ford Coppola</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Starring Al Pacino and Robert DeNiro, this movie sequel continues the violent saga of the Corleone family crime syndicate. The original film, which came out two years earlier, won three Oscars, including Best Picture and Best Actor for star Marlon Brando. However, the folks behind some of the most widely read film reviews didn’t have a lot of love for the sequel. Take this tidbit from New York Times columnist Vincent Canby: “It’s a Frankenstein’s monster stitched together from leftover parts. It talks. It moves in fits and starts but it has no mind of its own…. Looking very expensive but spiritually desperate, Part II has the air of a very long, very elaborate revue sketch.” Still, The Godfather Part II won an impressive six Oscars, including Best Picture.</p> <h2>Beaches</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1988</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Garry Marshall</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Sure, you have to be prepared to watch Beaches with several boxes of tissues by your side, but the film is an absolutely touching tribute to the ups and downs of friendship and life. It’s an odd-couple sort of relationship, with two very different women (Bette Midler and Barbara Hershey) sharing a friendship from childhood: one from an upper-crust upbringing, and the other with a more down-and-out lifestyle as an aspiring entertainer. But a reviewer for the Los Angeles Times liked the book better, saying, “The movie is missing what the book had reams of: heart, connective tissue, sense, sensibilities, a good ear, and a bad mouth.” While that might be true, Beaches is one of those sad movies that brought audiences together because they loved the story so darn much. And let’s not forget the film’s power ballad ‘The Wind Beneath My Wings,’ belted out by the one and only Divine Miss M.</p> <h2>Titanic</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1997</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: James Cameron</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">A society girl (Kate Winslet) falls in love with a struggling artist (Leonardo DiCaprio) on the ill-fated ocean liner. That’s about as succinct a plot summary as one can possibly get, but it doesn’t hurt the film’s popularity that we’re still fascinated by the Titanic more than 100 years after the famous ship’s sinking. James Cameron’s sweeping film drew so many people to theatres, you’d be hard-pressed to find someone who had not actually gone to see it more than once – and that says a lot about a movie that’s more than three hours long. Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times, however, wasn’t buying what Cameron was selling. ‘What does $200 million buy? The 3-hour-and-14-minute Titanic unhesitatingly answers: not enough,’ he wrote in a review headlined, ‘The Titanic Sinks Again.’ Do you know what we say to that? “I’ll never let go, Jack. I’ll never let go.”</p> <h2>Star Wars</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1977</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: George Lucas</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">The first-released film in George Lucas’ epic series of films about Luke Skywalker, Darth Vader, Princess Leia, Han Solo, and Yoda in a galaxy far, far away, the first of the Star Wars movies paved the way for blockbusters with tons of merchandise and created a fandom like no other. To this day, the film, which has the subtitle A New Hope, is as important in pop culture as it was back in 1977. At the time, though, critics didn’t have the nicest things to say about the sci-fi feature. Pauline Kael of the New Yorker wrote, ‘It’s an assemblage of spare parts – it has no emotional grip… an epic without a dream.’ Legions of fans beg to differ.</p> <h2>Forrest Gump</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Released: 1994</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Director: Robert Zemeckis</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">A kind-hearted boy from Alabama (Tom Hanks) falls in love with his best friend, Jenny (Robin Wright), and witnesses important events of the 20th century. Forrest Gump gave us some of the most memorable scenes and movie lines in film history, including the infamous “Life is like a box of chocolates. You never know what you’re gonna get.” Today, there’s even a Bubba Gump Shrimp Company restaurant chain, whose name is derived from the business Forrest and his bestie cooked up. But although it was loved by fans, it wasn’t necessarily loved by critics. Entertainment Weekly‘s Mark Harris had this to say about it: “It is…glib, shallow, and monotonous, a movie that spends so much time sanctifying its hero that, despite his ‘innocence,’ he ends up seeming about as vulnerable as Superman.”</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;"><strong><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/true-stories-lifestyle/entertainment/23-great-movies-that-got-rotten-reviews-when-they-came-out" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reader's Digest</a>.</em></strong></p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;"><em>Image: Shutterstock</em></p>

Movies

Placeholder Content Image

Review: Feel like a tourist in your own city at Sydney’s Opera House Tours

<p dir="ltr">Sydney’s harbour wouldn’t be complete without it, but the history and interiors of the Sydney Opera House aren’t as well known - which is where the Sydney Opera House Tours and Sunset at the House tours come in.</p> <p><span id="docs-internal-guid-2391c220-7fff-4973-854f-9da71e52c361"></span></p> <p dir="ltr">Throughout June, Sunset at the House gives you a chance to explore and witness the stunning harbour views during the golden hour.</p> <p dir="ltr"><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/06/20220616_163853-scaled.jpg" alt="" /></p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image: Author</em></p> <p dir="ltr">The tour is limited to a maximum of 30 people, making for an intimate experience as you make your way from the steps outside all the way to the Joan Sutherland Theatre near the building’s peak, then back down again to the Western Foyers and Colonnade, taking in the history of the Opera House along the way.</p> <p dir="ltr">But before you step inside, the tour’s first stop is on the steps outside, where you can view the iconic sails and the Aztec-inspired stairs designed to represent stepping away from the hustle and bustle of everyday life and into something more spiritual (at least, that’s what our tour guide said).</p> <p dir="ltr">Once inside, you’ll be treated to an immersive digital experience projected onto the ceiling above you, showcasing some of the highlights of the Concert Hall’s past performances. </p> <p dir="ltr">The tour couldn’t be any more timely either, with the Concert Hall preparing to open its doors in July after being closed for two years of renewal works.</p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-a8cc4f9c-7fff-f708-5a4f-79afe17dd487"></span></p> <p dir="ltr">If art, architecture, history, or even acoustics technology intrigues you, you’ll be sure to find the tour to be a fascinating insight into the Opera House’s story and the work that goes into putting on its calendar of shows and performances, made all the more compelling by the engaging tour guides.</p> <p dir="ltr"><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/06/20220616_171614-scaled.jpg" alt="" width="2560" height="1920" /></p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image: Author</em></p> <p dir="ltr">Rounding out the tour with some nibbles and a glass of bubbles next to Portside Sydney, one of the Opera House’s harbourside eateries, is a nice touch that gives you the chance to enjoy views of the Harbour Bridge and its surrounds as day turns to night.</p> <p dir="ltr">Though tickets for Sunset at the House have already sold out, the Opera House will be running daily tours - without the canapes and sunset drinks - at 11.30am, 12pm, 1.30pm, 2pm, 3pm and 3.30pm until August 31.</p> <p dir="ltr">From September, tours will depart at 10.30am, 12pm and 2pm Sunday to Friday, with three tours on Saturdays at 9am, 10.30am and 12.30pm.</p> <p dir="ltr">The hour-long tours are free for children under five, with adult tickets costing $43 and $33 for conession holders. </p> <p dir="ltr">To book your tickets, head to the Opera House <a href="https://www.sydneyoperahouse.com/visit-us/tours-and-experiences/english-tour.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">website</a>.</p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-1db6cfb8-7fff-cfa2-6ddc-99b81a5263ef"></span></p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image: Sydney Opera House</em></p>

Domestic Travel

Placeholder Content Image

Is Google’s AI chatbot LaMDA sentient? Computer says no

<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-style-default"> <p>“Actions such as his could come only from a robot, or from a very honorable and decent human being. But you see, you can’t differentiate between a robot and the very best of humans.”</p> <p><cite>– Isaac Asimov, <em>I, Robot</em></cite></p></blockquote> <p>Science fiction writer Isaac Asimov was among the first to consider a future in which humanity creates artificial intelligence that becomes sentient. Following Asimov’s <em>I, Robot</em>, others have imagined the challenges and dangers such a future might hold.</p> <p>Should we be afraid of sentient robots taking over the planet? Are scientists inadvertently creating our own demise? How would society look if we were to create a sentient artificial intelligence?</p> <p>It’s these questions which – often charged by our own emotions and feelings – drive the buzz around claims of sentience in machines. An example of this emerged this week when Google employee Blake Lemoine claimed that the tech giant’s chatbot LaMDA had exhibited sentience.</p> <p>LaMDA, or “language model for dialogue applications”, is not Lemoine’s creation, but the work of <a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2201.08239.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">60 other researchers at Google</a>. Lemoine has been trying to teach the chatbot transcendental meditation.</p> <p>Lemoine shared on his Medium profile the <a href="https://cajundiscordian.medium.com/is-lamda-sentient-an-interview-ea64d916d917" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">text of an interview</a> he and a colleague conducted with LaMDA. Lemoine claims that the chatbot’s responses indicate sentience comparable to that of a seven or eight-year-old child.</p> <p>Later, on June 14, Lemoine said on <a href="https://twitter.com/cajundiscordian/status/1536503474308907010" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Twitter</a>: “People keep asking me to back up the reason I think LaMDA is sentient. There is no scientific framework in which to make those determinations and Google wouldn’t let us build one. My opinions about LaMDA’s personhood and sentience are based on my religious beliefs.”</p> <p>Since sharing the interview with LaMDA, Lemoine has been placed on “paid administrative leave”.</p> <p>What are we to make of the claim? We should consider the following: what is sentience? How can we test for sentience?</p> <p><em>Cosmos </em>spoke to experts in artificial intelligence research to answer these and other questions in light of the claims about LaMDA.</p> <p>Professor Toby Walsh is a professor of artificial intelligence at the University of New South Wales (UNSW). Walsh also penned an <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/jun/14/labelling-googles-lamda-chatbot-as-sentient-is-fanciful-but-its-very-human-to-be-taken-in-by-machines" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">article for the <em>Guardian</em></a> on Lemoine’s claims, writing: “Before you get too worried, Lemoine’s claims of sentience for LaMDA are, in my view, entirely fanciful. While Lemoine no doubt genuinely believes his claims, LaMDA is likely to be as sentient as a traffic light.”</p> <p>Walsh is also the author of a book, <em>Machines Behaving Badly: The Morality of AI</em>, published this month in which these themes are investigated.</p> <p>“We don’t have a very good scientific definition of sentience,” Walsh tells <em>Cosmos</em>. “It’s often thought as equivalent to consciousness, although it’s probably worth distinguishing between the two.”</p> <p>Sentience is about experiencing feelings or emotions, Walsh explains, whereas consciousness is being aware of your thoughts and others. “One reason why most experts will have quickly refuted the idea that LaMDA is sentient, is that the only sentient things that we are aware of currently are living,” he says. “That seems to be pretty much a precondition to be a sentient being – to be alive. And computers are clearly not alive.”</p> <p>Professor Hussein Abbass, professor in the School of Engineering and Information Technology at UNSW Canberra, agrees, but also highlights the lack of rigorous assessments of sentience. “Unfortunately, we do not have any satisfactory tests in the literature for sentience,” he says.</p> <div class="newsletter-box"> <div id="wpcf7-f6-p195078-o1" class="wpcf7" dir="ltr" lang="en-US" role="form"> </div> </div> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">“For example, if I ask a computer ‘do you feel pain’, and the answer is yes, does it mean it feels pain? Even if I grill it with deeper questions about pain, its ability to reason about pain is different from concluding that it feels pain. We may all agree that a newborn feels pain despite the fact that the newborn can’t argue the meaning of pain,” Abbass says. “The display of emotion is different from the existence of emotion.”</p> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">Walsh reasons that we can observe something responding to stimuli as evidence of sentience, but we should hold computers to higher standards. “The only sentience I’m certain of is my own because I experience it,” he says. “Because you look like you’re made of the same stuff as me, and you’re responding in an appropriate way, the simplest explanation is to assume that you must be sentient like I feel I am sentient.” For a computer, however, “that assumption that is not the simplest explanation. The simplest explanation is that it’s a clever mimic.”</p> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">“A conversation has two sides to it,” adds Walsh. “If you play with these tools, you quickly learn that it’s quite critical how you interact with them, and the questions you prompt them with will change the quality of the output. I think it reflects, in many respects, the intelligence of the person asking the questions and pushing the conversation along in helpful ways and, perhaps, using points that lead the conversation. That really reflects the intelligence of the person asking the questions.”</p> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">“Care needs to be taken to not project our own emotions and aspirations onto the machine, when we are talking about artificial intelligence in general,” says Dr Marc Cheong, digital ethics lecturer at the University of Melbourne. “AI learns from past data that we humans create – and the societal and historical contexts in which we live are reflected in the data we use to train the AI. Similarly for the claims of sentience, we shouldn’t start anthropomorphising AI without realising that its behaviour is merely finding patterns in data we feed into it.”</p> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">“We’re very forgiving, right? That’s a really human trait,” says Walsh. “Our superpower is not really our intelligence. Our superpower is our ability to work together to form society to interact with each other. If we mishear or a person says something wrong, we fill the gaps in. That’s helpful for us to work together and cooperate with other human beings. But equally, it tends to mislead us. We tend to be quite gullible in ascribing intelligence and other traits like sentience and consciousness to things that are perhaps inanimate.”</p> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">Walsh also explains that this isn’t the first time this has happened.</p> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">The first chatbot, Eliza, created in the 1970s, was “way less sophisticated”, Walsh says. “Eliza would take the sentence that the person said and turn it into a question. And yet there was quite a hype and buzz when Eliza first came out. The very first chatbot obviously fooled some people into thinking it was human. So it’s perhaps not so surprising that a much more sophisticated chatbot like this does the same again.”</p> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">In 1997, the supercomputer Deep Blue beat chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov. “I could feel – I could smell – a new kind of intelligence across the table,” <a class="spai-bg-prepared" href="https://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,984305,00.html#ixzz1DyffA0Dl" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kasparov wrote in TIME</a>.</p> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">But Walsh explains that Deep Blue’s winning move wasn’t a stroke of genius produced by the machine’s creativity or sentience, but a bug in its code – as the timer was running out, the computer chose a move at random. “It quite spooked Kasparov and possibly actually contributed to his eventual narrow loss,” says Walsh.</p> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">So, how far away are we really from creating sentient machines? That’s difficult to say, but experts believe the short answer is “very far”.</p> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">“Will we ever create machines that are sentient?” asks Walsh. “We don’t know if that’s something that’s limited to biology. Computers are very good at simulating the weather and electron orbits. We could get them to simulate the biochemistry of a sentient being. But whether they then are sentient – that’s an interesting, technical, philosophical question that we don’t really know the answer to.</p> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">“We should probably entertain the idea that there’s nothing that we know of that would preclude it. There are no laws of physics that would be violated if machines were to become sentient. It’s plausible that we are just machines of some form and that we can build sentience in a computer. It just seems very unlikely that computers have any sentience today.”</p> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">“If we can’t objectively define what ‘sentient’ is, we can’t estimate how long it will take to create it,” explains Abbass. “In my expert opinion as an AI scientist for 30+ years, I would say that today’s AI-enabled machines are nowhere close to even the edge of being sentient.”</p> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">So, what then are we to make of claims of sentience?</p> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">“I can understand why this will be a very big thing because we give rights to almost anything that’s sentient. And we don’t like other things to suffer,” says Walsh.</p> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">“If machines never become sentient then we never have to have to care about them. I can take my robots apart diode by diode, and no one cares,” Walsh explains. “I don’t have to seek ethics approval for turning them off or anything like that. Whereas if they do become sentient, we <em class="spai-bg-prepared">will </em>have to worry about these things. And we have to ask questions like, are we allowed to turn them off? Is that akin to killing them? Should we get them to do the dull, dangerous, difficult things that are too dull, dangerous or difficult for humans to do? Equally, I do worry that if they don’t become sentient, they will always be very limited in what they can do.”</p> <p class="spai-bg-prepared">“I get worried from statements made about the technology that exaggerates the truth,” Abbass adds. “It undermines the intelligence of the public, it plays with people’s emotions, and it works against the objectivity in science. From time to time I see statements like Lemoine’s claims. This isn’t bad, because it gets us to debate these difficult concepts, which helps us advance the science. But it does not mean that the claims are adequate for the current state-of-the-art in AI. Do we have any sentient machine that I am aware of in the public domain? While we have technologies to imitate a sentient individual, we do not have the science yet to create a true sentient machine.”</p> <p><img id="cosmos-post-tracker" class="spai-bg-prepared" style="opacity: 0; height: 1px!important; width: 1px!important; border: 0!important; position: absolute!important; z-index: -1!important;" src="https://syndication.cosmosmagazine.com/?id=195078&amp;title=Is+Google%E2%80%99s+AI+chatbot+LaMDA+sentient%3F+Computer+says+no" width="1" height="1" /></p> <div id="contributors"> <p><em><a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/technology/google-ai-lamda-sentient/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">This article</a> was originally published on <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Cosmos Magazine</a> and was written by <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/contributor/evrim-yazgin" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Evrim Yazgin</a>. Evrim Yazgin has a Bachelor of Science majoring in mathematical physics and a Master of Science in physics, both from the University of Melbourne.</em></p> <p><em>Image: Getty Images</em></p> </div>

Technology

Placeholder Content Image

REVIEW: Top Gun: Maverick

<p dir="ltr">Too-cool-for-school test pilot Maverick (Tom Cruise) is brought back from the fold to train a batch of talented and cocky recruits for a life-and-death mission.</p> <p dir="ltr">They’re the best of the best in their class, lone wolves who are fueled by massive egos and a determination to outshine and outfly their peers.</p> <p dir="ltr">If Maverick can’t get these hot-heads to cool down and learn to work as a team, they might just not make it out of the mission alive.</p> <p dir="ltr">It’s a well-accepted fact that sequels are nowhere near as good as the original. Take for example, <em>The Matrix, Fast and Furious</em> and <em>Lethal Weapon</em>. The list goes on.</p> <p dir="ltr">Occasionally, there are pleasant surprises. <em>Top Gun: Maverick</em> is one of them.</p> <p dir="ltr">Director Joseph Kosinski takes everything great from the first film and repackages it into a sequel that feels new and faithful to the original at the same time.</p> <p dir="ltr">There’s the high-octane dogfights, shirtless game of sport on the beach and cheesy romance between Maverick and Penny Benjamin (Jennifer Connelly).</p> <p dir="ltr">The opening sequence is nearly shot-for-shot the same as the one used in Top Gun - a reassuring indication that Kosinski is here to build on the first film and not pull it apart.</p> <p dir="ltr">Some 36 years have passed since the release of Top Gun in 1986.</p> <p dir="ltr">The sequel was first scheduled for release in 2019, but delayed until 2020 so producers could fine-tune the flight sequences.</p> <p dir="ltr">Its release was pushed back by another two years because of the Covid pandemic.</p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Top Gun: Maverick</em> may have been a long time in the making, and the wait time might have felt slow, but the film launches straight into the action, flying through the 2 hour and 17 minute long run time at Mach 10 - or 10 times the speed of sound.</p> <p dir="ltr">Maverick may be three decades older, but he certainly still has the ‘need for speed’ as much as he did when he was a young pilot.</p> <p dir="ltr">He’s still got the rebellious streak and disrespect for authority that frequently lands him in the office of his superiors - this time it’s Admiral Beau Simpson (Jon Hamm) breathing down his neck.</p> <p dir="ltr">Now Maverick is the teacher and he’s dealing with a bunch of cocky pilots. There’s Hangman (Glen Powell), Phoenix (Monica Barbaro), Payback (Jay Ellis) and Rooster (Miles Teller).</p> <p dir="ltr">Rooster is the son of ‘Goose’ - Maverick’s late friend who died after trying to eject himself from a falling F-14 in the first film.</p> <p dir="ltr">Maverick is still troubled by the death and it’s no help that Rooster is a spitting image of his father and as much an avid flier.</p> <p dir="ltr">Tensions rise, egos clash and old wounds are reopened. Maverick has beaten just about every challenge as a pilot in the sky but this may be the one that sends him shooting down in flames.</p> <p dir="ltr">Cruise was insistent on one condition on the release of the film: that it be shown in cinemas and not on streaming platforms like Netflix.</p> <p dir="ltr">He wanted audiences to be immersed in the adrenaline, to watch the fighter jets blast through the sky on the big screen and hear the deafening throttle of the engines on surround sound.</p> <p dir="ltr">Blood-pumping cinematic experiences like these ones are few and far to come by and, not unlike Cruise, may be on their way out.</p> <p dir="ltr">It’s like rear admiral Chester ‘Hammer’ Cain (Ed Harris) tells Maverick, “Your kind is headed for extinction.”</p> <p dir="ltr">Cruise turns as he is about to leave the office and looks defiantly at him. “Maybe so, sir. But not today,” he says.</p> <p dir="ltr">Strap in and prepare for take off. It’s going to be one hell of a last ride.</p> <p dir="ltr"><em><strong>Written by Aidan Wondracz</strong></em></p>

Movies

Placeholder Content Image

REVIEW: Dr Strange in the Multiverse of Madness

<p dir="ltr"><strong>Warning! This article contains spoilers.</strong></p> <p dir="ltr">Dr Stephen Strange (Benedict Cumberbatch) has returned with his flying cape sidekick to save earth - but this time there’s more than one that needs help.</p> <p dir="ltr">The unshakeable do-gooder, with his grey-winged hair, is pulled into a deadly game of cat- and-mouse.</p> <p dir="ltr">Wanda Maximoff (Elizabeth Olsen) is a terrifying witch who chases America Chavez (Xochitl Gomez) across different dimensions for her superpower - the ability to jump through the multiverse.</p> <p dir="ltr">Maximoff leaves a trail of destruction in her path and it falls to Dr Strange to put an end to her madness.</p> <p dir="ltr">If he fails, then you can wave goodbye to this earth and all the other earths floating out there in the infinite cosmos.</p> <p dir="ltr">Hollywood is pumping out superhero movies at such a fast rate, it’s almost impossible to keep up with the pace as a viewer.</p> <p dir="ltr"><em>The Multiverse of Madness</em> assumes you have watched at least one <em>Avengers</em> film, part of the <em>Wanda Vision</em> series and the first <em>Dr Strange.</em></p> <p dir="ltr">Oh, and don’t forget <em>Shang-Chi</em> and the <em>Legend of the Ten Rings</em>.</p> <p dir="ltr">If you haven’t seen any of them, good luck trying to understand who is who.</p> <p><iframe title="YouTube video player" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/aWzlQ2N6qqg" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe></p> <p dir="ltr">There’s plenty of action and exploding heads to keep the unversed audience member entertained.</p> <p dir="ltr">Director Sam Raimi weaves in elements of horror along with a few jump scares.</p> <p dir="ltr">His personal touch falls short of making the superhero franchise feel new. At its best, it just adds a fresh twist to an overdone genre.</p> <p dir="ltr">There is only one annoying little detail in the film. It’s so teeny-tiny, but it hurts as much as a rose thorn stuck in your side.</p> <p dir="ltr">It’s nothing to get worked up over. Right?</p> <p dir="ltr">Wrong.</p> <p dir="ltr">Most, if not all, superhero films are packed with undertones of American patriotism.</p> <p dir="ltr">Superman wears a red cape and a blue, tight-fitting onesie (the colours of the American flag); Iron Man is held captive in a cave in the Middle East before he blasts his way to freedom <em>(America, f*** yeah!)</em>; and Captain America needs no explanation (his name says it all).</p> <p dir="ltr">In most cases, at least, these references aren’t screaming in your face. They dwell in the background so you can continue to enjoy the film at its surface level.</p> <p dir="ltr">That’s not the case with Dr Strange.</p> <p dir="ltr">America Chavez is a central character who is not only named after the United States, but she is also dressed in a jacket with the stars and stripes printed onto the back of it.</p> <p dir="ltr">She is, literally, a walking flag of the country.</p> <p dir="ltr">Every time Dr Strange spoke about saving America, I couldn’t help but cringe as I had a sneaking suspicion he was not referring to the young girl.</p> <p dir="ltr">When the character needed a dialogue break, his monster-bashing sidekicks were filling in the blanks with their own toe-curling lines about America.</p> <p dir="ltr">She needs to be saved, her powers could be used for bad if they fall into the wrong hands, with great power comes great responsibility.</p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Blah, blah, blah.</em></p> <p dir="ltr">For all its shortcomings, Raimi manages to pull off an entertaining two hours and six minutes.</p> <p dir="ltr">The action is backed up by strong performances from Cumberbatch, Olsen and Gomez. </p> <p dir="ltr"><em><strong>Written by Aidan Wondracz.</strong></em></p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image: YouTube</em></p>

Movies

Placeholder Content Image

The Northman reviewed

<p dir="ltr"><em>The Northman</em> is a dark and gritty retelling of a Nordic legend that is packed with violence, themes of the supernatural and, even, incest.</p> <p dir="ltr">Amleth is the son of a Viking king who witnesses his uncle murder his father and seize the crown for himself.</p> <p dir="ltr">His mother is taken prisoner and Amleth barely manages to escape with his life. He flees on a rowboat and vows to avenge his father and rescue his mother.</p> <p dir="ltr">Aleksander Skarsgard plays a much-older Amleth who has become, years later, a cold- blooded warrior.</p> <p dir="ltr">He dances around campfires wearing a wolf headdress, leads raiding parties against villages and slaughters soldiers and defenceless townsfolk alike.</p> <p dir="ltr">One thing has remained unchanged: his lust for revenge.</p> <p dir="ltr">Amleth is rounding up the captives from his latest raid when he overhears his uncle has been overthrown and exiled to Iceland.</p> <p dir="ltr">The prisoners are to be shipped over to him and Amleth plots his revenge: he will disguise himself as a slave, travel with the captives on the boat, and kill his uncle.</p> <p dir="ltr">Plenty more bloodshed follows as Amleth carries out his plan.</p> <p dir="ltr">Heads are bashed in, arms are hacked off and, in one scene, limbs are rearranged in the shape of a horse.</p> <p dir="ltr">The film spirals into the realm of the weird with the episodes of violence broken up by pagan orgies, incest and Norse mythology.</p> <p dir="ltr">Amleth fights a sword-wielding skeleton, consults a shaman who prophesies through a decapitated head and rides a horse through the sky towards Valhalla.</p> <p dir="ltr">Amleth’s mother trying to seduce her son is the scene that really takes this film into disturbing territory.</p> <p dir="ltr">Director Robert Eggers has clearly intended to move away from the glamourised portrayal of Viking culture we have seen in TV shows like ‘Vikings’.</p> <p dir="ltr">Surprisingly, the brutality and rawness are the perfect ingredients that make an enjoyable film.</p> <p dir="ltr">There is not a dull moment in the 2 hour and 17-minute-long runtime and Eggers proves why he may be the next best emerging director.</p> <p dir="ltr">If there’s one pitfall in the film it’s that Amleth had several chances to kill his uncle but, for some reason, didn’t do it.</p> <p dir="ltr">The film feels like it could have ended five different ways, before it finally does.</p> <p dir="ltr">That being said, the final battle between Amleth and his uncle is nothing short of epic. </p> <p dir="ltr">If you have a stomach made of iron then this is a film definitely worth watching. </p> <p dir="ltr"><em><strong>Written by Aidan Wondracz.</strong></em></p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image: YouTube</em></p>

Movies

Placeholder Content Image

Review: A sustainable bra worth the splurge

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Finding a bra that meets our lists of wants and needs - comfort, support, colour and more - is almost always a chore and can come with a high price tag.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">And as a regular bra-wearer, having to replace my old, trusty pieces with something new is a task I put off until I absolutely have to.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Despite my reluctance to wear anything except my trusty (and well-worn) T-shirt bras, I decided to try Bendon’s </span><a href="https://www.bendonlingerie.com.au/brands/bendon/conscious-simplicity" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Conscious Simplicity</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> Contour Bra ($59.95), which is the brand’s first range of recycled lingerie.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Their bras are made with recycled foam for the cups, 73 percent recycled nylon fibres for the straps, and 93 percent recycled yarn for the back fabric.</span></p> <p><img style="width: 0px; height: 0px;" src="../media/7846487/22-7619zphr_bf.jpg" alt="" data-udi="umb://media/03dee18eac494960b3c59fc21fee5a48" /></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">The contour bra (pictured) can be paired with a matching boyleg brief, both made from recycled materials. Image: Supplied</span></em></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The range - available in contour, underwire, and maternity bras - can be paired with boyleg briefs which all feature botanical-inspired lace made with 50 percent recycled nylon fibres.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">After taking it for a test drive - from quick trips to the shops to full 9am-5pm work days - here are some of my thoughts.</span></p> <p>Barely there… save the straps</p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Initially, I was concerned I’d picked the wrong size despite checking my measurements, but upon trying it on I found it was a perfect fit. Plus, it felt as if the bra was barely there but still supportive.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But, I noticed the edging of the straps would dig in each time I put it on, though it becomes less noticeable during longer wears.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">I’m pleased to report that the bra barely showed under some of my more notoriously thin white shirts, which even my beige favourites could sometimes be spotted through, but would still be visible through cotton t-shirts.</span></p> <p><img style="width: 500px; height: 281.25px;" src="../media/7846486/bra-review1.jpg" alt="" data-udi="umb://media/764f93f2f35a4280bc37b04f6a96a7ef" /></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">The contour bra is hard to spot in even my tightest of turtlenecks or white business shirts. The size pictured is an AU/NZ 16C.</span></em></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">On top of that, an initial play around with the straps meant I wasn’t constantly adjusting them during the day (a common problem among my former-favourites).</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">However, the band did start to make its presence known by the end of some of my longer days, when I would first put it on at 6am and only take it off at around 9-10pm.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Despite this, the Conscious Simplicity Contour Bra has become my new favourite and I am on the cusp of adding more to my wardrobe (though an expansion of colour options would be nice).</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In summary, here are some pros and cons to consider if you’re thinking of giving it a try.</span></p> <p><strong>Pros</strong></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Comfortable and feels supportive even during longer wears</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Eco-conscious</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Hardy, quality materials that are still comfortable</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Concealed under most whites (despite its colour)</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Wider range of cup sizes, with a maximum size of 22J</span></li> </ul> <p><strong>Cons</strong></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Slightly uncomfortable edging on the straps that can dig in</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Limited colour options (only pink at the moment)</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The cost ($59.95 RRP)</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Limited underbust/band sizing, with a maximum size of 22 (102cm)</span></li> </ul> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The Bendon Conscious Simplicity range is available from the Bendon website </span><a href="https://www.bendonlingerie.com.au/brands/bendon/conscious-simplicity" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span style="font-weight: 400;">here</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></p> <p><span>EDITOR'S UPDATE (12/4/22):</span></p> <p> </p> <p><span>The Conscious Simplicity range is now available in black, with a Dark Rhubarb colour to be released in November 2022 with a maximum size of 20E.</span></p>

Money & Banking

Placeholder Content Image

There is, in fact, a ‘wrong’ way to use Google

<p>I was recently reading comments on a post related to COVID-19, and saw a reply I would classify as misinformation, bordering on conspiracy. I couldn’t help but ask the commenter for evidence.</p> <p>Their response came with some web links and “do your own research”. I then asked about their research methodology, which turned out to be searching for specific terms on Google.</p> <p>As an academic, I was intrigued. Academic research aims to establish the truth of a phenomenon based on evidence, analysis and peer review.</p> <p>On the other hand, a search on Google provides links with content written by known or unknown authors, who may or may not have knowledge in that area, based on a ranking system that either follows the preferences of the user, or the collective popularity of certain sites.</p> <p>In other words, Google’s algorithms can penalise the truth for not being popular.</p> <p><a href="https://www.google.com/search/howsearchworks/algorithms" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Google Search’s</a> ranking system has a <a href="https://youtu.be/tFq6Q_muwG0" target="_blank" rel="noopener">fraction of a second</a> to sort through hundreds of billions of web pages, and index them to find the most relevant and (ideally) useful information.</p> <p>Somewhere along the way, mistakes get made. And it’ll be a while before these algorithms become foolproof – if ever. Until then, what can you do to make sure you’re not getting the short end of the stick?</p> <p><strong>One question, millions of answers</strong></p> <p>There are around <a href="https://morningscore.io/how-does-google-rank-websites/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">201 known factors</a> on which a website is analysed and ranked by Google’s algorithms. Some of the main ones are:</p> <ul> <li>the specific key words used in the search</li> <li>the meaning of the key words</li> <li>the relevance of the web page, as assessed by the ranking algorithm</li> <li>the “quality” of the contents</li> <li>the usability of the web page</li> <li>and user-specific factors such as their location and profiling data taken from connected Google products, including Gmail, YouTube and Google Maps.</li> </ul> <p><a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10676-013-9321-6" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Research has shown</a> users pay more attention to higher-ranked results on the first page. And there are known ways to ensure a website makes it to the first page.</p> <p>One of these is “<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_engine_optimization" target="_blank" rel="noopener">search engine optimisation</a>”, which can help a web page float into the top results even if its content isn’t necessarily quality.</p> <p>The other issue is Google Search results <a href="https://mcculloughwebservices.com/2021/01/07/why-google-results-look-different-for-everyone/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">are different for different people</a>, sometimes even if they have the exact same search query.</p> <p>Results are tailored to the user conducting the search. In his book <a href="https://www.penguin.co.uk/books/181/181850/the-filter-bubble/9780241954522.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Filter Bubble</a>, Eli Pariser points out the dangers of this – especially when the topic is of a controversial nature.</p> <p>Personalised search results create alternate versions of the flow of information. Users receive more of what they’ve already engaged with (which is likely also what they already believe).</p> <p>This leads to a dangerous cycle which can further polarise people’s views, and in which more searching doesn’t necessarily mean getting closer to the truth.</p> <p><strong>A work in progress</strong></p> <p>While Google Search is a brilliant search engine, it’s also a work in progress. Google is <a href="https://ai.googleblog.com/2020/04/a-scalable-approach-to-reducing-gender.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">continuously addressing various issues</a> related to its performance.</p> <p>One major challenge relates to societal biases <a href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news/artificial-intelligence-is-demonstrating-gender-bias-and-its-our-fault" target="_blank" rel="noopener">concerning race and gender</a>. For example, searching Google Images for “truck driver” or “president” returns images of mostly men, whereas “model” and “teacher” returns images of mostly women.</p> <p>While the results may represent what has <em>historically</em> been true (such as in the case of male presidents), this isn’t always the same as what is <em>currently</em> true – let alone representative of the world we wish to live in.</p> <p>Some years ago, Google <a href="https://www.theverge.com/2018/1/12/16882408/google-racist-gorillas-photo-recognition-algorithm-ai" target="_blank" rel="noopener">reportedly</a> had to block its image recognition algorithms from identifying “gorillas”, after they began classifying images of black people with the term.</p> <p>Another issue highlighted by health practitioners relates to people <a href="https://www.healthline.com/health/please-stop-using-doctor-google-dangerous" target="_blank" rel="noopener">self diagnosing based on symptoms</a>. It’s estimated about <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.5694/mja2.50600" target="_blank" rel="noopener">40% of Australians</a> search online for self diagnoses, and there are about 70,000 health-related searches conducted on Google each minute.</p> <p>There can be serious repercussions for those who <a href="https://www.medicaldirector.com/press/new-study-reveals-the-worrying-impact-of-doctor-google-in-australia" target="_blank" rel="noopener">incorrectly interpret</a> information found through “<a href="https://www.ideas.org.au/blogs/dr-google-should-you-trust-it.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Dr Google</a>” – not to mention what this means in the midst of a pandemic.</p> <p>Google has delivered a plethora of COVID misinformation related to unregistered medicines, fake cures, mask effectiveness, contact tracing, lockdowns and, of course, vaccines.</p> <p>According to <a href="https://www.ajtmh.org/view/journals/tpmd/103/4/article-p1621.xml" target="_blank" rel="noopener">one study</a>, an estimated 6,000 hospitalisations and 800 deaths during the first few months of the pandemic were attributable to misinformation (specifically the false claim that <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-04-28/hundreds-dead-in-iran-after-drinking-methanol-to-cure-virus/12192582" target="_blank" rel="noopener">drinking methanol can cure COVID</a>).</p> <p>To combat this, <a href="https://misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu/article/how-search-engines-disseminate-information-about-covid-19-and-why-they-should-do-better/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Google eventually prioritised</a> authoritative sources in its search results. But there’s only so much Google can do.</p> <p>We each have a responsibility to make sure we’re thinking critically about the information we come across. What can you do to make sure you’re asking Google the best question for the answer you need?</p> <p><strong>How to Google smarter</strong></p> <p>In summary, a Google Search user must be aware of the following facts:</p> <ol> <li> <p>Google Search will bring you the top-ranked web pages which are also the most relevant to your search terms. Your results will be as good as your terms, so always consider context and how the inclusion of certain terms might affect the result.</p> </li> <li> <p>You’re better off starting with a <a href="https://support.google.com/websearch/answer/134479?hl=enr" target="_blank" rel="noopener">simple search</a>, and adding more descriptive terms later. For instance, which of the following do you think is a more effective question: “<em>will hydroxychloroquine help cure my COVID?</em>” or “<em>what is hydroxychloroquine used for?</em>”</p> </li> <li> <p>Quality content comes from verified (or verifiable) sources. While scouring through results, look at the individual URLs and think about whether that source holds much authority (for instance, is it a government website?). Continue this process once you’re in the page, too, always checking for author credentials and information sources.</p> </li> <li> <p>Google may personalise your results based on your previous search history, current location and interests (gleaned through other products such as Gmail, YouTube or Maps). You can use <a href="https://support.google.com/chrome/answer/95464?hl=en&amp;co=GENIE.Platform%3DDesktop" target="_blank" rel="noopener">incognito mode</a> to prevent these factors from impacting your search results.</p> </li> <li> <p>Google Search isn’t the only option. And you don’t just have to leave your reading to the discretion of its algorithms. There are several other search engines available, including <a href="https://www.bing.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bing</a>, <a href="https://au.yahoo.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Yahoo</a>, <a href="https://www.baidu.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Baidu</a>, <a href="https://duckduckgo.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">DuckDuckGo</a> and <a href="https://www.ecosia.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ecosia</a>. Sometimes it’s good to triangulate your results from outside the filter bubble. <img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/179099/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /></p> </li> </ol> <p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/muneera-bano-398400" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Muneera Bano</a>, Senior Lecturer, Software Engineering, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/deakin-university-757" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Deakin University</a></em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/there-is-in-fact-a-wrong-way-to-use-google-here-are-5-tips-to-set-you-on-the-right-path-179099" target="_blank" rel="noopener">original article</a>.</em></p> <p><em>Image: Getty Images</em></p>

Technology

Placeholder Content Image

Morphée review: Will this tiny device help you sleep better?

<p dir="ltr">Sleep is a necessity so often sacrificed, and quality sleep is so hard to achieve when we need it most.</p> <p dir="ltr">As we get older, getting enough sleep is still important, with the <a href="https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/good-nights-sleep#aging" target="_blank" rel="noopener">National Institute of Ageing</a> recommending that older adults still aim to get between seven and nine hours of sleep. </p> <p dir="ltr">However, pain, certain medications, feeling sick, stress from daily life (or <a href="https://health.clevelandclinic.org/covid-19-insomnia-tips/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">living through a global pandemic</a>) and even conditions such as Alzheimer’s can affect the quality and quantity of sleep we get each night.</p> <p dir="ltr">This is where sleeping aids such as the Morphée have come in.</p> <p dir="ltr">The tiny sleep aid has quickly grown in popularity within its home country of France and 12 other countries, including Australia - which is no surprise considering how many have reported sleeping poorly during the last two years.</p> <p dir="ltr">As one of those people who has experienced poorer sleep lately, I gave the Morphée a try to see how it stacks up.</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>So many choices, so little time</strong></p> <p dir="ltr">Encased in a beech wooden case (which also makes for a handy stand), the Morphée offers over 200 guided sessions to choose from and makes for an aesthetically pleasing addition to the bedside table.</p> <p><span id="docs-internal-guid-a40494f6-7fff-6437-a826-a67979bfafdb"></span></p> <p dir="ltr">The three brass keys allow you to choose one of the sessions from eight modes (from guided meditations to quiet music), eight different options in each mode, and whether it runs for eight or 20 minutes.</p> <p dir="ltr"><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/03/morphee2.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image: Matt O’Rourke</em></p> <p dir="ltr">You can even choose to be guided by a male or female voice, and start, stop and control the volume of the session from several buttons and switches along the side of the device.</p> <p dir="ltr">If guided meditation isn’t really your thing, the nature soundscapes and selection of music are soothing and varied enough so that you have plenty of choice. </p> <p dir="ltr">The fact that each sound comes from a different location around the world is also a nice touch - the Swedish log fire and purring Burmese cat in a Parisian apartment were definitely my favourites.</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>Does it work?</strong></p> <p dir="ltr">Having tried the Morphée on my own and with my partner, who also struggles to get to sleep, I can say it largely works, but that it involves a decent amount of trial and error.</p> <p dir="ltr">We began with the nature sounds ahead of a mid-afternoon nap, and found that it helped us get to sleep more easily. My partner noted it was easier to focus on the sounds rather than attempt to drift off in silence, and that before he knew it, he was asleep.</p> <p dir="ltr">Next, I tried the specific nap setting with the hope of re-energising with a quick power nap after work. Starting with a four-minute relaxation period, with a soothing voice helping to focus on breathing and sinking into the bed, you can choose between an eight and 20-minute silent nap session ending with nature sounds to wake you up. Initially, I found it hard to focus, but after just a few minutes I was ready to fall asleep. Since I’m a heavy sleeper that only the loudest of alarms can wake, the gentle sounds of nature failed to wake me up, and my 20 minute nap became closer to an hour-long one. With that in mind, having longer napping options and different wake-up settings to choose from might be a good addition for heavy snoozers like me. </p> <p dir="ltr">The same night, we tried a body scan with a visualisation exercise. Unlike other body scans, which draw your attention to various areas of the body, this particular one leaned more towards breathing and visualising a mountain scene. I still found it quite relaxing and that it helped me wind down for the night, but my partner ended up feeling significantly worse than when he got into bed - an experience shared by about <a href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/2251840-mindfulness-and-meditation-can-worsen-depression-and-anxiety/">one in 12</a> people who try mindfulness meditation and particularly by those <a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/au/blog/choosing-your-meditation-style/202006/trauma-informed-mindfulness" target="_blank" rel="noopener">who are trauma survivors</a>.</p> <p dir="ltr">So overall, the modes I tried were successful and have left me looking forward to testing the rest, while my partner enjoyed the nature soundscapes and music, but will steer clear of the body scans and other modes with vocal guidance.</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>Sound quality and other notes</strong></p> <p dir="ltr">Although intended for helping you drift to sleep, I found the Morphée was also quite effective as background noise during the day while working or settling in with a good book.</p> <p dir="ltr">Though more of a nitpick than an outright con, the sound was rather tinny when I was using the Morphée’s speakers. Luckily this is only a short-lived problem while you’re falling asleep.</p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-c82843e1-7fff-8cbc-8a61-4489f4e934f6"></span></p> <p dir="ltr">Meanwhile, using wired headphones was a whole different situation, and was particularly immersive for the nature sounds.</p> <p dir="ltr"><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/03/morphee1.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image: Matt O’Rourke</em></p> <p dir="ltr">However, the totally analog technology means that Bluetooth earphones won’t be compatible. I found this made using the Morphée slightly daunting, as I was worried I would fall asleep while listening and run the risk of being tangled up in my headphones.</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>Final verdict</strong></p> <p dir="ltr">Retailing at $149, the Morphée initially feels like a pricey purchase. But after giving it a try, seeing how many options it offers, and its absence of bright screens, it feels like an investment that will be worth it over time, especially when it’s priced similarly to yearly subscriptions for popular apps such as Headspace and Calm.</p> <p dir="ltr">Though it might not be a cure for sleep problems, it works as a tool to help you relax and be more mindful before bed, all while enjoying a better night’s sleep.</p> <p dir="ltr">In summary, here are some pros and cons to consider if you’re looking to try the Morphée for yourself or gift it to someone else:</p> <p dir="ltr">Pros</p> <ul> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Portable and handy protective cover/stand</p> </li> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Beautiful  and functional design</p> </li> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Plenty of sounds and modes to choose from</p> </li> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Excellent battery life, helped by the fact it turns itself off</p> </li> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Can be used for more than just sleeping</p> </li> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Sounds amazing with headphones</p> </li> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Makes for a great gift for the poor sleepers in your life </p> </li> </ul> <p dir="ltr">Cons</p> <ul> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">The tiny buttons and text might be a challenge for some</p> </li> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Sound is slightly tinny</p> </li> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">A setting longer than 20 minutes would be a nice bonus</p> </li> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Difficult to fall asleep if using wired headphones</p> </li> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Not compatible with Bluetooth or wireless headphones</p> </li> </ul> <p dir="ltr">The <a href="https://www.morphee.co/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Morphée</a> is available to purchase from Officeworks, JB Hi-Fi, Amazon AU, and Temple &amp; Webster for $149.</p> <p dir="ltr">Unfortunately, the Morphée isn’t available in New Zealand yet, but here’s hoping that will change soon.</p> <p dir="ltr"> </p> <p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><em>Image: Supplied</em></p>

Technology