Placeholder Content Image

You’re not tone deaf and you know more about music than you think

<p>Think of the last time you were at a birthday party and the obligatory rendition of “Happy Birthday” began. If you’re like most people, you probably joined in without a second thought. Would you be surprised to know that the version of “Happy Birthday” you’re used to singing might be different every time?</p> <p>The musical key that “Happy Birthday” is sung in often depends on the note that the person who starts the song chooses to sing first. This starting point determines the key for the rest of the song. We’re still able to recognize the song because the intervals — the differences in pitch between notes — remain the same and the notes just shift up or down depending on where that starting point is.</p> <p>This act of shifting pitches up or down but preserving the intervals between notes is called transposition and although it may not seem like a simple task, people tend to handle it quite well. In one study, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1037/h0094201">both children and adults easily recognized common songs like “Happy Birthday” and “Twinkle Twinkle Little Star” after they were presented at various keys</a>.</p> <p>How is it that most people can perform this complex musical task even in the absence of any formal musical training? Even though you may not realize it, you actually have a lot more musical knowledge than you might think.</p> <h2>Pattern recognition</h2> <p>Where does this knowledge of music come from? You get it from your everyday life without realizing it thanks to a process called <a href="https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-6_1707">statistical learning</a>. This concept suggests that we learn about our environment through passive exposure and that we constantly use this knowledge to interpret the world around us. Statistical learning is how we learn to recognize patterns and can be used to explain complex learning processes like <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.274.5294.1926">language acquisition</a>. Significantly, this process is almost entirely subconscious — we learn just by being exposed to new information.</p> <p>In the case of music, we have no shortage of experience to draw from. We hear music constantly, whether intentionally or as a bystander. Riding in a car, standing in an elevator, sitting in a waiting room — we can’t help but be exposed to music. And we gain something from this passive exposure: We become familiar with the patterns and regularities of the music of our culture and we develop an implicit knowledge of music.</p> <p>This process happens very early on. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-0277(98)00075-4">Eight-month-old babies can recognize patterns in sequences of tones</a> and some studies show that even at <a href="https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4973412">three months of age</a>, babies can recognize changes in short melodies. This implicit musical knowledge only grows as we get older and is why most people might not be as musically challenged as they think.</p> <p>In one study, people were recruited to sing in a public park and their performance was compared to that of professional singers. The results showed that the <a href="https://doi.org/10.1121/1.2427111">amateur singers’ pitch and timing accuracy was close to that of experts</a>. This aligns with other research showing that people without musical training also <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-004-2044-5">perform well on pitch discrimination tasks</a> in which they have to recognize the difference between two tones that vary slightly in pitch.</p> <p>These results might seem surprising at first, but they are backed by large-scale studies as well. While many people might claim to be tone deaf, some research estimates that the rate of congenital amusia — a condition in which a person is unable to recognize or process musical information — <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2017.15">is less than two per cent in the general population</a>.</p> <h2>Cultural expectations</h2> <p>Our implicit knowledge of music also leads us to develop expectations of how music should sound. That’s why music from other cultures might sound strange at first — <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-0277(98)00075-4">it deviates from the expectations you’ve developed based on the music of your own culture</a>.</p> <p>This is also true across musical genres. Jazz musicians were found to be <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163584">more accurate at predicting changes in jazz music than classical musicians and non-musicians</a>.</p> <p>Our expectations are also responsible for generating <a href="https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0428-19.2019">musical pleasure</a> and the desire to move when listening to music, and have been used as a tool by artists and composers for centuries to elicit stronger emotions.</p> <p>So although you might not be aware of it, you’re a walking music processing machine. And next time you find yourself singing “Happy Birthday,” you can sing a bit more confidently with your hidden music expertise in mind.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://theconversation.com/youre-not-tone-deaf-and-you-know-more-about-music-than-you-think-174453" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Conversation</a>. </em></p>

Music

Placeholder Content Image

Is there such a thing as the perfect alarm tone?

<p>With the return to office work – and no longer being able to roll out of bed and straight into a Zoom meeting – many of us will be waking up earlier to beat the morning rush. So it’s important to ensure we’re on top of our alarm game.</p> <p>But what type of alarm provides peak alertness upon waking? <a href="https://books.google.com.au/books/about/Pythagoras.html?id=Sve3fLUG3bEC&amp;redir_esc=y" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Pythagoras</a> posited this same question in around 500 BCE. He believed specific songs – melodies that roused the energies – had the ability to counteract the drowsiness waking may bring.</p> <p>And he appears to have had a point. <a href="https://www.longdom.org/open-access/the-awakening-futures-sound-positive-commentary-on-the-efficacy-for-audio-to-counteract-sleep-inertia-64399.htmldoes" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Research</a> has now shown certain alarm sounds can indeed enhance our alertness upon waking.</p> <p>In particular, alarms that have the qualities of “tunefulness” (think <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ho7796-au8U" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ABC by The Jackson 5</a>) have melodies that energise the listener, and are great for effective waking.</p> <p>But to understand why this is the case, we first need to understand how our brains respond to complex stimuli when moving out of the sleep state.</p> <p><strong>Waking up right is important</strong></p> <p>Waking up groggy never feels right. And how we wake up can not only affect our mood and the day’s outlook, but also our cognition and mental performance.</p> <p>In some instances, grogginess after waking has the potential to be dangerous several hours later, by reducing our performance in <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2624-5175/2/2/17" target="_blank" rel="noopener">critical decision-making</a> (such as in health settings, emergency responses, security or while driving).</p> <p>This cognitive state of reduced alertness is referred to as “<a href="https://www.dovepress.com/sleep-inertia-current-insights-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-NSS" target="_blank" rel="noopener">sleep inertia</a>”. It’s a growing concern as it can have serious consequences while performing high-risk tasks, including driving.</p> <p><strong>How does the brain wake up?</strong></p> <p>Transitioning from sleep to alertness does not follow an on/off switch-like system, as <a href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0001679" target="_blank" rel="noopener">brain imaging techniques</a> have revealed.</p> <p>Waking relies on complex biological processes, including increased blood flow allocation to the brain. <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/11147165_The_process_of_awakening_A_PET_study_of_regional_brain_activity_patterns_mediating_the_re-establishment_of_alertness_and_consciousness" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Studies</a> show the brain regions important for alert performance (the prefrontal cortical regions) take longer to “start-up” than other areas (such as the basal ganglia) which are important for arousal. This means you can be <em>awake</em>, but not quite with it.</p> <p>Research has also shown <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9236630/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">blood flow</a> activity within the brain to be diminished after waking, in comparison to the pre-sleep state. Thus, alert wakefulness may in part require mechanisms that encourage a redistribution of blood flow to the brain – something certain types of sound and music <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HRE624795zU" target="_blank" rel="noopener">can do</a>.</p> <figure class="align-center "><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/451718/original/file-20220313-19-1jxuuz4.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/451718/original/file-20220313-19-1jxuuz4.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=530&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/451718/original/file-20220313-19-1jxuuz4.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=530&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/451718/original/file-20220313-19-1jxuuz4.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=530&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/451718/original/file-20220313-19-1jxuuz4.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=666&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/451718/original/file-20220313-19-1jxuuz4.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=666&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/451718/original/file-20220313-19-1jxuuz4.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=666&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w" alt="" /><figcaption><span class="caption">A positron emission tomography (PET) scan of the human brain can reveal areas with more activity (in red).</span> <span class="attribution">WikiCommons</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Another factor that influences alertness upon waking is the stage of sleep at the time. You’re less likely to feel groggy if you wake up from a light sleep, compared to a deeper slow-wave or REM sleep.</p> <p>A <a href="http://apsychoserver.psych.arizona.edu/jjbareprints/psyc501a/readings/Carskadon%20Dement%202011.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">light sleep stage</a> is characterised by Theta wave frequencies (as measured from the brain’s electrical activity) and can be associated with feeling drowsy. In this sleep stage, arousal from external stimuli such as an alarm can quickly draw a person out of sleep.</p> <p>Conversely, deep sleep or slow-wave sleep consists of Delta wave frequencies, which are associated with unconsciousness. This is the more challenging sleep stage to fully wake up from.</p> <p>Alarm effectiveness also depends on age. Young adults aged 18 to 25 need louder alarms <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6715806/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">than older</a> people, and <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/pr1983189" target="_blank" rel="noopener">preteens</a> need an even greater threshold than young adults. You may require an alarm as much as 20 decibels louder at 18 than you would at 80.</p> <figure class="align-center "><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/451719/original/file-20220313-21-1i8uamq.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/451719/original/file-20220313-21-1i8uamq.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=400&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/451719/original/file-20220313-21-1i8uamq.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=400&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/451719/original/file-20220313-21-1i8uamq.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=400&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/451719/original/file-20220313-21-1i8uamq.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=503&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/451719/original/file-20220313-21-1i8uamq.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=503&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/451719/original/file-20220313-21-1i8uamq.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=503&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w" alt="" /><figcaption><span class="caption">Preteens need louder alarms than young adults (aged 18–25), who in turn need louder alarms than older people.</span> <span class="attribution">Jason Rosewell/Unsplash</span></figcaption></figure> <p><strong>Is sound frequency and tune important?</strong></p> <p>But when it comes to choosing an alarm, what exactly is the best choice? A growing body of evidence suggests different alarm sounds can positively influence human performance after waking.</p> <p>Our <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2624-5175/2/4/31" target="_blank" rel="noopener">systematic review</a> published in 2020 showed temporal frequencies (the pitch of the sound as measured in Hertz) around 500 Hz are better at arousing young children than 2000+ Hz varieties.</p> <p>We lack research to say whether this also applies to adults, but it’s assumed the same alarm types would be beneficial.</p> <figure><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/czyGmRXJ184?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0" width="440" height="260" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe><figcaption><span class="caption">Example of a temporal T-3 alarm sound around 500 Hz.</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Voice notifications such as a person yelling “wake up!” work better than higher frequencies. However, they are not as effective as 500 Hz tonal beeping alarms – similar to those preinstalled in most <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xXhEz3hqlQE" target="_blank" rel="noopener">mobile phones</a>.</p> <p>Our research also explores how qualities of music, and specifically melody, play a role in encouraging alert wakefulness. We found that the way in which people interpret their <a href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0215788&amp;utm_source=yxnews&amp;utm_medium=desktop&amp;utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fyandex.ru%2Fnews" target="_blank" rel="noopener">alarms “tunefulness”</a> also reflects how groggy they feel after waking.</p> <p>Here, people who use alarms that carry a tune they will readily hum along to will experience less grogginess than those with a standard “beeping” alarm.</p> <p>With this in mind, we developed a <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2624-5175/2/2/17" target="_blank" rel="noopener">custom rhythmic melody</a> that led to significantly better performance upon and after waking, when compared to standard beeping alarms.</p> <figure><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/PF37zV1BOw0?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0" width="440" height="260" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe><figcaption><span class="caption">We designed this experimental alarm tone to increase alertness and reduce morning grogginess. (Stuart McFarlane)</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Other <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1111/j.1479-8425.2004.00142.x" target="_blank" rel="noopener">studies</a> have also found popular music (which can be interpreted as being melodic) is good to counteract sleep inertia after a short nap, and even more yet if it is music the listener personally enjoys.</p> <p><strong>What can I do to improve my waking alarm?</strong></p> <p>What does all this mean for the day-to-day? Well, given all of the above, we believe the perfect alarm must sound something like this:</p> <ul> <li>it has a a melody you can easily sing or hum along to</li> <li>it has a dominant frequency around 500 Hz, or in the key of C5 and</li> <li>it is not too fast or too slow (100 – 120 beats per minute is ideal).</li> </ul> <p>Also remember the alarm must be louder for younger people (or for particularly deep sleepers).</p> <p>If we consider the default alarms available on our devices, much more work is needed – especially since research in this area is relatively new. Hence, we suspect the availability of custom alarm downloads will increase with time.</p> <p>Most pre-loaded alarms at the appropriate loudness will wake you, but specific designs (such as the one above) have been modelled on the latest research to not only encourage arousal, but also provide increased alertness. <img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/178902/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /></p> <p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/stuart-mcfarlane-1222051" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Stuart McFarlane</a>, Researcher, Auditory Perception and Cognition, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/rmit-university-1063" target="_blank" rel="noopener">RMIT University</a> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/adrian-dyer-387798" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Adrian Dyer</a>, Associate Professor, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/rmit-university-1063" target="_blank" rel="noopener">RMIT University</a></em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/is-there-such-a-thing-as-the-perfect-alarm-tone-we-think-so-and-this-is-what-it-might-sound-like-178902" target="_blank" rel="noopener">original article</a>.</em></p> <p><em>Image: Getty Images</em></p>

Technology

Placeholder Content Image

Adele facing backlash after a tone-deaf instagram post

<p style="margin: 0px 0px 5px;padding: 0px;border: 0px;font-size: 16px;vertical-align: baseline;color: #323338;font-family: Roboto, Arial;background-color: #ffffff">Adele has sparked backlash from fans over a “tone-deaf” post in the wake of her postponed Las Vegas residency.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 5px;padding: 0px;border: 0px;font-size: 16px;vertical-align: baseline;color: #323338;font-family: Roboto, Arial;background-color: #ffffff">In a tweet posted on Tuesday night, the singer subtly shut down reports she was cancelling her planned Brit Awards performance next week amid “trouble in paradise” in her new relationship with Rich Paul.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 5px;padding: 0px;border: 0px;font-size: 16px;vertical-align: baseline;color: #323338;font-family: Roboto, Arial;background-color: #ffffff">She posted a happy photo of herself grinning, and captioned it: “Hiya, so I’m really happy to say that I am performing at the Brits next week! Anddddd I’ll also be popping in to see Graham for a chat on the couch while I’m in town too! I’m looking forward to it!”</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 5px;padding: 0px;border: 0px;font-size: 16px;vertical-align: baseline;color: #323338;font-family: Roboto, Arial;background-color: #ffffff">Rather than simply dispel the reports she was pulling out of her upcoming appearance, the post has sparked anger among the thousands of disappointed fans who had received word last month that she was cancelling her Vegas shows at the last minute.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 5px;padding: 0px;border: 0px;font-size: 16px;vertical-align: baseline;color: #323338;font-family: Roboto, Arial;background-color: #ffffff">“Have you refunded all the fans yet from the Vegas shows?” one user wrote underneath her tweet.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 5px;padding: 0px;border: 0px;font-size: 16px;vertical-align: baseline;color: #323338;font-family: Roboto, Arial;background-color: #ffffff">“What about all those people that have lost money because you cancelled at the last minute. Where is their performance?” said another disgruntled fan, to which someone replied: “Yep. Exactly. Where is it? She could care less.”</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 5px;padding: 0px;border: 0px;font-size: 16px;vertical-align: baseline;color: #323338;font-family: Roboto, Arial;background-color: #ffffff">Adele’s post followed rumours her relationship with US sports agent Rich Paul is on the rocks, suggesting it was a factor in the cancellation of her Las Vegas residency.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 5px;padding: 0px;border: 0px;font-size: 16px;vertical-align: baseline;color: #323338;font-family: Roboto, Arial;background-color: #ffffff">According to the <em style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;border: 0px;vertical-align: baseline">New York Daily News</em>, the singer interrupted rehearsals to take calls from her boyfriend and was seen crying.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 5px;padding: 0px;border: 0px;font-size: 16px;vertical-align: baseline;color: #323338;font-family: Roboto, Arial;background-color: #ffffff">An inside source said: “There’s trouble in paradise. That’s why she can’t perform.”</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 5px;padding: 0px;border: 0px;font-size: 16px;vertical-align: baseline;color: #323338;font-family: Roboto, Arial;background-color: #ffffff">The 33-year-old singer devastated fans by cancelling her Las Vegas residency 24 hours before it was set to start last month. She announced the cancellation of the three-month run of concerts at Caesar’s Palace in a tearful Instagram post.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 5px;padding: 0px;border: 0px;font-size: 16px;vertical-align: baseline;color: #323338;font-family: Roboto, Arial;background-color: #ffffff">On Tuesday, <em style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;border: 0px;vertical-align: baseline">The Sun</em> reported that she had also pulled out of her planned performance at the Brit Awards at London’s 02 Arena on February 8, causing a “huge headache” for show bosses who were left scrambling to find a replacement.</p>

Music

Placeholder Content Image

How to find the best hair colour for your skin tone

<p><strong>The art of choosing the perfect colour</strong></p> <p>When it comes to always looking your best, the right haircut is important – but the right hair colour might be even more important.</p> <p>Certain shades can look beautiful or blah on you, depending on how well they complement your skin tone.</p> <p>“I have clients on a daily basis requesting a hair colour they’ve seen on an actress or model that they just must have,” says celebrity colourist, Kari Hill.</p> <p>“The obstacle isn’t the colouring of their hair – it’s understanding whether or not the colour is going to match their skin tone.”</p> <p>If you’re looking to colour your hair at home, you’ll undoubtedly find a walk down the pharmacy hair-care aisle to be overwhelming and confusing.</p> <p>And it’s too easy to make a hair mistake that ages your face or simply causes you to look less than amazing.</p> <p>Don’t worry – we’re here to help. We asked veteran stylists to explain exactly how to determine your skin tone and identify the best colours for you, whether you want to go natural or be a little more dramatic.</p> <p><strong>How to determine your skin tone</strong></p> <p>As with complexions, hair colours can be warm, cool or neutral.</p> <p>Cool-toned skin has pink, red, and blue undertones, while warm-toned skin has yellow, peach, and golden undertones.</p> <p>If your skin tone is neutral your undertone most likely matches your actual skin tone. No mystery there!</p> <p>So, how can you determine your skin tone? An easy way to find out is with a “wrist test.”</p> <p>Simply flip over your wrist and look at the colour of your veins.</p> <p>If they are blue or purple, you’re likely cool-toned. Green and yellow veins mean your skin is warm-toned. Here’s another neat trick: “Place a silver piece of jewellery and a gold [one] next to your face, near your eyes,” says celebrity hairstylist Michelle Cleveland.</p> <p>“If silver complements you, go for a cool hair shade. If it’s gold that works best, then choose warm.”</p> <p>You may have heard that the golden rule when it comes to hair colour is to select a shade that’s the opposite of your skin tone, but that actually may not be accurate.</p> <p>“My advice is to find a colour that brings you confidence but also respects your complexion,” says colourist, Sophie Georgiou. “Lots of women dream of being blonde, but it’s doesn’t suit all complexions.”</p> <p><strong>For fair skin with cool undertones</strong></p> <p><span>Fun fact: the paler your complexion, the lighter you can go with your hair colour. </span></p> <p><span>“Cool blonde shades (like platinum and baby blonde) are great on porcelain skin,” says Georgiou. </span></p> <p><span>And you’ll want to avoid overly warm tones, like golds, coppers and caramel, which can look unnatural. </span></p> <p><span>“Michelle Williams has a very pale cool complexion, so very light, icy blonde works perfectly on her. The reason I love this is because it also contrasts beautifully with her brown eye colour. It shows that, contrary to popular belief, you don’t need to have blue eyes and also pale skin to wear this tone,” says Hill. </span></p> <p><span>Considering a deeper hue? Matt King, a colourist, suggests dark red violets and jewel-toned colours, such as rich true red, solid jet (blue) black, and dark deep brown.</span></p> <p><strong>For fair skin with warm undertones</strong></p> <p><span>According to colourist, Jasmin Rainieri, if you have fair skin with warm undertones, a la Emma Stone and Emma Roberts, copper red, butterscotch, rust, golden blonde, strawberry and caramel tones will bring out the warmth in your skin. </span></p> <p><span>Remember the copper red on Stone? “The warm golden copper tone [was] beautifully complemented by her very fair but also warm skin tone,” says Hill. </span></p> <p><span>“Conversely, with warmer undertones on fair skin, you want to avoid the overly blue and violet-based colours. I actually wouldn’t suggest anything in the black family at all for someone with this complexion, as it could appear too harsh against their skin tone,” says King.</span></p> <p><strong>For fair skin with neutral undertones</strong></p> <p>Blonde may seem like an obvious choice for people with fair skin and neutral undertones, given the popularity of the shade and just how well it traditionally blends with fair skin.</p> <p>Just look at Jennifer Aniston and Julia Roberts, who have donned blonde tresses over the years.</p> <p>But according to Ian Michael Black, global artistic director of hair colour at Aveda, it’s all about choosing the right shade of the classic colour. “[Try making] a bold statement with platinum blonde, but steer clear of having too much of a blue undertone in the colour,” he says.</p> <p>Not your style? For a “slightly softer” but statement-looking light blonde, he suggests a complimentary champagne beige tone: “It will look soft and flattering because it will finely balance cool and warm.”</p> <p>Another option, he adds, is to make a statement in the other direction with a very deep brown, which “will be feminine but with a strong edge,” he says.</p> <p><strong>For medium skin with cool undertones </strong></p> <p><span>With a medium complexion, you can experiment with almost any colour. </span></p> <p><span>J</span><span>ust avoid going to extremes, King advises. Brunettes should stick with a natural medium to light brown – something like walnut is great. </span></p> <p><span>For blondes, look for sand, wheat and beige to complement your skin tone and still look natural. </span></p> <p><span>Taylor Swift is a great example of medium skin with cool undertones. “She also has very cool blue eyes that work well with this ashy natural blonde,” notes Hill. </span></p> <p><span>And when it comes to red, you’ll want to stick with something in the medium auburn family or a cinnamon tone, according to King.</span></p> <p><strong>For medium skin with warm undertones</strong></p> <p>Blake Lively is a perfect example of medium-toned skin with warm undertones.</p> <p>“Her complexion looks even more gold and radiant because she stays with a golden tone, no matter how light or dark her hair,” explains Hill.</p> <p>“If she went pale or cool in her blonde choices, it would wash out her skin, almost ageing her, due to it being so unnatural with her skin tone.”</p> <p>According to King, people with this skin tone can’t go wrong with something in the middle.</p> <p>“Personally, I have one absolute favourite for a medium complexion with warm undertones: bronde,” she says, referring to a combination of brown and blonde.</p> <p>“I’m not sure there can be anything better than having the best of both worlds.” Warm butterscotch or light golden brown a la Jessica Alba are great.</p> <p>“Copper and golden reds will add just the right amount of pop in these situations while fully complementing the skin instead of stealing the show.”</p> <p><strong>For medium skin with neutral undertones</strong></p> <p>If your skin tone is similar to Shay Mitchell’s or Vanessa Hudgens’, try combining both warm and cool tones for a gorgeous look.</p> <p>“Let your hair gently transition in depth and tone as it goes down the hair shaft. A deeper base with a soft golden tone toward the scalp can be blended into a cooler-toned lighter end to give a complementing and gentle look that works with your skin,” advises Black.</p> <p>Or if you’re looking for more of a brunette look, try “a clean gold tone that radiates and brings warmth against the skin.” The key to making sure it works perfectly and gives you a slightly warmer look and glow? Avoiding red tones.</p> <p>One more thing to keep in mind: “When you have medium or dark olive skin, stay away from shades that can appear to be the same tone as your skin colour, specifically light brown or dark blonde,” says colourist Marie Robinson.</p> <p>“You are better going brighter, adding highlights, or adding richer tones and darker hair colour to add contrast to your skin.”</p> <p><strong>For olive skin with cool undertones</strong></p> <p>“For olive skin, living in a more brunette family is preferable – and adding in a subtle highlight can really help to add dimension and open up a look,” says King.</p> <p>“I wouldn’t really venture into blond too much here, though I think keeping a darker base with hints of caramel or a honey blonde can add incredible texture.”</p> <p>Reddish browns like chestnut, autumn and cinnamon also look great with this skin tone.</p> <p>If you want a darker hue, stick with warmer blacks like mocha, which can help cancel out any underlying pinkish tones and smooth the appearance of the skin.</p> <p>Olivia Munn’s gorgeous olive skin tone works amazingly with this dark, cool brown hair. “Her hazel eyes not only marry her skin and hair colour, but they keep her looking dramatic and not extreme or harsh,” says Hill.</p> <p><strong>For olive skin with warm undertones</strong></p> <p><span>For those with olive skin and warm undertones – think Jennifer Lopez and Eva Mendes – you can’t go wrong with deep golden and caramel hues. </span></p> <p><span>“Jennifer Lopez’s skin tone is the most golden caramel olive tone out there! Her golden-brown eyes literally glow because she doesn’t stray from the warm tones both her skin and eyes dictate,” says Hill. </span></p> <p><span>Ebony and mocha tones are also stunning. If you’re going red, stick with the violet reds – keeping colours deep and rich. </span></p> <p><span>When it comes to going blonde, you’ll want to embrace warmth and stay with tones that are more honey-based. </span></p> <p><span>“While blue-black is an option, I would stick to a more violet black for a striking appearance – it’s also just a little more fun,” says King. “Warm blacks also work here to give a very natural exotic look.”</span></p> <p><strong>For olive skin with neutral undertones </strong></p> <p><span>Rich, dark tresses are stunning on those with olive skin, from Penelope Cruz to Padma Lakshmi. </span></p> <p><span>Black agrees: “Rich chestnut and chocolate tones bring out some warmth from your skin’s neutral undertones.” </span></p> <p><span>But there’s no need to limit yourself to darker tones if you want to mix things up! </span></p> <p><span>“If you want to go on the lighter side, soft balayage works well with darker natural levels and lighter pieces that have a cool honey-colour,” Black explains. </span></p> <p><span>“This will add warmth and glow without looking too stark or brassy against the skin. It works really well to complement those with bright hazel eyes to create a well-rounded and flattering look.”</span></p> <p><strong>For deep skin with cool undertones</strong></p> <p><span>“Deep, cool complexions, like Viola Davis, are where inky black truly shines. The colour and light-catching factor really help to add to the multitudes of depth in this skin tone,” explains King. </span></p> <p><span>Other hues to consider? Espresso, blue-blacks, and deep violet shades, according to colourist, Jason Dolan. And for highlights? “Choose cool hues, regardless of whether they’re brown, blue-red, or platinum blond,” says Hill.</span></p> <p><strong>For deep skin with warm undertones</strong></p> <p><span>“The richness of a deep, warm skin tone – like Beyoncé’s and Halle Berry’s – is something that you can play up with simple colour tricks,” says King. </span></p> <p><span>Considering a blonde hue? He suggests staying in the caramel and toffee family. Brunettes should favour maple and mahogany tones, which help enhance skin’s natural radiance. </span></p> <p><span>Similarly, if you’re going dark, warm blacks are best. </span></p> <p><span>For redheads: “As contradictory as it may sound, a blue-red works best with this skin tone. It will help to appropriately balance underlying tones while enhancing the warmth that you want to see.”</span></p> <p><strong>For deep skin with neutral undertones</strong></p> <p>Deep skin with a neutral undertone looks best with a strong contrast. (Think Kerry Washington and Zendaya.)</p> <p>“A really light cool-toned blonde, from platinum to softer cool beige, can work beautifully to bring out the warmth in deep brown eyes,” says Black.</p> <p>“Brunette shades with soft warmth, from gold-toned chestnut to rich mahogany with red-violet undertones, can create a flattering complementary look that brings warmth to the face.”</p> <p>If you’re still unsure, Cleveland recommends a combination of skin tone and eye colour to determine the best hair shade.</p> <p>“The ideal look is achieved by one of these two combinations: warm, warm, cool, or cool, cool, warm. For example, if your eye colour is warm and your skin colour is warm, then your hair colour should be cool,” she says.</p> <p><em>Image credit: Shutterstock</em></p> <p><em>This article first appeared on Reader's Digest.</em></p>

Beauty & Style

Placeholder Content Image

Furious dad told to tone down kid’s lunch box

<p>School lunches can vary from child to child, with some parents opting to keep things simple and others hand-carving fruits and vegetables into an assortment of different characters.</p> <p>But now, one dad has taken to the internet to rant about a teacher who asked him to tone the creativity down when it comes to his child’s lunches.</p> <p>“My kid is eight. Long story short, my wife tries to make really fun lunches for my daughter,” the man<a rel="noopener" href="https://www.reddit.com/r/AmItheAsshole/comments/joc042/aita_for_telling_my_kids_teacher_that_i_dont_care/" target="_blank"> wrote in his post to Reddit.</a></p> <p>“She follows a couple of those school lunches pages on Instagram for inspiration or whatever. It’s important to us that our child likes her lunches and that she’s happy.”</p> <p>The man said their teacher had called and left a message asking them to tone the lunches down.</p> <p>“My daughter’s teacher called and left a message asking us that we simplify her lunches and do the typical sandwich thing because other kids ‘don’t have as elaborate as lunches and it might make them feel bad’,” he continued.</p> <p>So the dad did what many of us would have done (and sometimes later regretted) – he wrote an angry email.</p> <p>He basically said, “no we won’t and that I really don’t care, and that if other kids get upset then maybe it would be a good teaching moment for her,” but has now asked if he was wrong to do so.</p> <p>Most people agreed that this could have been a good teaching moment for the school.</p> <p>“Does your boss request that you drive a 2007 Corolla because your co-workers can’t stand to see a Tesla?” asked one person.</p> <p>Another said, “I could see the teacher being upset if it’s just completely unhealthy like the lunch box was filled with candy or a few bags of chips and nothing else. But the fact that it’s just decent food to be fun, I don’t think this should be any sort of issue.”</p> <p>A few pointed out the dad could have handled his response a lot better: “In the real world, an email like that could be considered a tad AHish; (a**hole-ish) could have been worded better. But yeah, the teacher is tons and tons of AH, because it is a teachable moment. I remember this really good phrase: ‘The only time you look in your neighbour’s bowl is to make sure that they have enough. You don’t look in your neighbour’s bowl to see if you have as much as them’.”</p>

Food & Wine

Placeholder Content Image

Teen’s touching random act of kindness for blind and deaf man during flight

<p>A teenage girl’s random act of kindness has gone viral after she helped a blind and deaf man communicate on a flight.</p> <p>Last week, Clara Daly and her mum boarded an Alaska Airlines flight after their original flight from Boston was cancelled.</p> <p>Clara’s mum, Jane, explained that the pair rushed frantically to board the flight and just made it in time. </p> <p>Shortly after take-off, a flight attendant made an announcement to the passengers, asking if anyone knew sign language.</p> <p>"Clara has been studying American Sign Language so she rang the flight attendant button," Jane wrote on Facebook.</p> <p>"They explained that the passenger was not only deaf, but also blind. The only way you can communicate with him was by signing into his hand."</p> <p>"They thought that he might need something and they weren't sure how to communicate," Clara told <strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2018/06/22/calabasas-teen-blind-deaf-man-flight/" target="_blank"><em>CBS Los Angeles</em></a></span></strong>.</p> <p>Clara walked over to the man, whose name she later learnt was Timothy, and signed into the palm of his hand to see if she could help him.</p> <p>"Several times he requested her assistance throughout the flight," the proud mum explained.</p> <p>The Californian teen helped him ask for water and how much time was left for the flight.</p> <p>Clara was happy to get up and help whenever he needed to say something and then, "toward the end of the flight, he asked for her again, and this time he just wanted to talk.</p> <p>She spent the remainder of the flight until landing with him," Jane wrote.</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><iframe src="https://www.facebook.com/plugins/post.php?href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fjane.daly.501%2Fposts%2F10156396022402726&amp;width=500" width="500" height="764" style="border: none; overflow: hidden;" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" allow="encrypted-media"></iframe></p> <p>"He didn't need anything. He was just like lonely and wanted to talk," Clara told<em> CBS Los Angeles. </em></p> <p>Clara was overjoyed that she was able to communicate with Timothy but her only concern was that she would spell something wrong when signing into his hand, as she is dyslexic.</p> <p>Since Clara is dyslexic, she started learning sign language about a year ago because she wanted to know a way to communicate without having to read or write.</p> <p>Her parents, Jane and Bill, expressed how proud they were of their daughter, and her mum shared the story after the airline emailed the photos the flight attendants took of Clara and the man.</p> <p>Jane and Clara’s original flight was direct to Los Angeles but the new flight they were put on had a layover in Portland. Timothy was flying to Portland and if it weren’t for the flight change, they would’ve never met him.</p> <p>"She'll probably kill me for posting this, but - Proud of my girl," the happy mum wrote about her daughter.</p> <p>After her story went viral, Clara said her random act of kindness was “what anyone would have done”. </p>

International Travel

Placeholder Content Image

Deaf singer captivates Simon Cowell on America’s Got Talent

<p>Simon Cowell was stunned by a performance from a deaf singer on <em>America’s Got Talent.</em></p> <p>The performance, which has been dubbed as one of the most emotional performances in the show’s history, saw 29-year-old Many Harvey deliver her original song “Try”.</p> <p>After Many finished her performance she was received with a standing ovation and Simon Cowell immediately pressed the Golden Buzzer which resulted in confetti falling on stage.</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><iframe width="500" height="281" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ZKSWXzAnVe0?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen=""></iframe></p> <p>Before she sung, Mandy told the judges how she lost her hearing from a connective tissue disorder at 18.</p> <p>“I've been singing since I was 4 so I left music after I lost my hearing and then figured out how to get back into singing with muscle memory, using visual tuners and trusting my pitch," she explained.</p> <p>With her translator Sarah standing behind the judges, Mandy said that she uses her feet to feel "the tempo and the beat through the floor."</p> <p>Following the performance, Simon ran to the stage and hugged the singer.</p> <p>He said, "I've done this a long time. That was one of the most amazing things I've ever seen and heard."</p> <p>"Honestly, I never think I'm gonna be surprised or amazed by people, and then you turn up. Just the fact that you are you, but it was your voice, your tone, the song was beautiful."</p>

TV

Placeholder Content Image

6 famous people with hearing loss

<p>Whether someone is born with hearing loss or encounters it later in life, it provides difficulties and challenges that many people will never understand. These inspirational people have gone down in history for their successes despite battling hearing loss.</p> <p><strong>1. Ludwig van Beethoven</strong></p> <p>At the age of 26, Beethoven began to lose his hearing and at the age of 44 he was almost completely deaf. Beethoven continued to compose music as his hearing declined and even when he was deaf. One of Beethoven’s greatest accomplishments during the time he had lost his hearing was the composition of the Ninth Symphony which was first performed in 1824.</p> <p><strong>2. Thomas Edison</strong></p> <p>Due to having scarlet fever as a young boy, Thomas Edison suffered from severe hearing problems. He referred to himself as deaf but he also believed his lack of hearing helped him to be a better scientist.</p> <p><strong>3. Marlee Matlin</strong></p> <p>When she was only 18 months old Marlee became deaf. In 1986, she won an Academy Award for her performance in <em>Children of a Lesser God</em>.</p> <p><strong>4. Helen Keller</strong></p> <p>Helen lost her sight and hearing at the tender age of 19 months old. An illness she contracted was the cause of her blindness and deafness. Helen Keller became a world-famous author, activist and lecturer.</p> <p><strong>5. Linda Bove</strong></p> <p>Linda Bove, who was an actress on <em>Sesame Street</em>, introduced children to sign language in her role as Linda the Librarian. She played her role from 1971 to 2003 and introduced children to issues surrounding the deaf community.</p> <p><strong>6. Gertrude Ederle</strong></p> <p>In 1926, Gertrude became deaf after she swam the English Channel. The American swimmer had poor hearing as a young girl due to contracting measles. </p>

Hearing

Placeholder Content Image

I was deaf for most of my life

<p><strong><em>Shirley Ackehurst, 74, became deaf as a young girl then returned to the world of sound after having a cochlear implant at the age of 44. She rejoices in being able to hear her family again and one of her favourite sounds, rain drumming on the roof.</em></strong></p> <p>As I walk in my garden I can hear the quiet clucking of the yellow-tailed black cockatoos as they feed on the hakea nuts. I remember a time when I couldn't hear them at all or any other sound. I had lived in a silent and isolated world after losing half of my hearing when I had the mumps at 11 years of age and the rest had slowly dwindled away until at the age of 36, I was profoundly deaf in both ears. Even with a hearing aid I could no longer hear the voices of my husband and children and our social life became very limited. This illness was to change my life forever.</p> <p>I had once been a happy and confident child growing up on a wheat and sheep farm near Elmore, in central Victoria. I loved the sounds on our farm but most of all I loved to hear the rain drumming on our iron roof at night while feeling safe and cosy tucked up in bed. However, deafness sapped my confidence and I became a shy and lonely teenager, struggling to keep up with my friends in social situations and keeping up at school only by lip reading. For as long as I could remember I wanted to be a nurse when I left school and was devastated when told I was too deaf to cope with nursing and the wonderful Nursing Bursary I had won was cancelled. I felt I lived in my own isolated world apart from everyone else and this made me very miserable and depressed.</p> <p>After Graham and I married we lived in Geelong where two of our daughters were born then later on we moved to Adelaide where our third daughter was born. As a very deaf mum my life was difficult and I was exhausted by evening from the energy required to lip read constantly and having to check on the children all the time because I couldn't hear them.</p> <p>Then at the age of 44 a miracle happened, I had a cochlear implant in my right ear. It is almost impossible to describe my great joy in being able to hear my husband and children again and later on, my adorable grandchildren. And once again I could hear my favourite sound, the rain drumming on the roof.</p> <p>My cochlear implant has given me back my life, it has given me self-confidence and self-worth, it has returned me to the hearing world and it has given me once again, the ease of communication, especially with my loved ones. I know I am very fortunate and I feel a deep sense of gratitude every day for this wonderful invention.</p> <p>It saddens me that many older people do not realise they may be eligible for a cochlear implant, thinking that it is only available for small children. I have friends who were in their 80's when they received their implants and it has made such a difference to their lives. I have heard them say, “Oh! I wish I'd had this implant years ago!”</p> <p>Sometimes hearing impairment can creep up on us so slowly we don't realise how many sounds we cannot hear any more. We struggle to understand when using the phone or in noisy situations and at family gatherings and frequently need to ask others to repeat themselves. We strain to hear in social situations and come home tired out and lacking in confidence and we feel isolated and sometimes embarrassed.  Often our loved ones plead with us to have our hearing checked because a hearing loss impacts on all the family too.</p> <p>In recent years the cochlear implant and hearing aids have improved immensely so help is out there, we just need to take the first step and have a hearing check. Above all, we need to protect our hearing at all times by using hearing protection when operating noisy machinery and avoiding prolonged loud noise.</p> <p>Cherish your hearing, it is so very precious.</p> <p><em><strong>If you have a story to share please get in touch at <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="mailto:melody@oversixty.com.au" target="_blank">melody@oversixty.com.au</a></span>.</strong></em></p> <p><strong>Related links:</strong></p> <p><a href="/health/hearing/2016/06/understanding-long-term-hearing-damage/"><strong><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Understanding long-term hearing damage</span></em></strong></a></p> <p><a href="/health/hearing/2016/05/different-kinds-of-hearing-aids/"><strong><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">The different kinds of hearing aids explained</span></em></strong></a></p> <p><a href="/health/hearing/2016/04/importance-of-hearing-tests/"><strong><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Study highlights importance of hearing tests</span></em></strong></a></p>

Hearing

Placeholder Content Image

7 successful people living with hearing loss

<p>Have you ever felt like you might be alone with your hearing loss?  It sounds silly even in your own mind, but every once in a while you might feel like that.</p> <p>The truth is of course, that millions of people the world over experience hearing loss as an obstacle. There is no reason to feel alone of trapped, because you can do anything you set your mind to despite your condition.</p> <p>Take a look at the list below and you will find seven truly inspiration and successful people who overcame their hearing loss and achieved their dreams.</p> <p><strong>1. Bill Clinton</strong></p> <p>Like many baby boomers, Clinton ignored his hearing difficulties for years until doctors diagnosed him with high-frequency hearing deficiency, the most common form of hearing loss. It’s described as an inability to distinguish sounds in noisy, crowded situations with a lot of background chatter, such as restaurants, theatres or in Bill’s case, political rallies. It’s linked to aging and an exposure to loud noise. Clinton now wears two in-canal hearing aids.</p> <p><strong>2. Whoopi Goldberg</strong></p> <p>It may surprise some to know that the Academy Award winner and co-host of The View, Whoopi Goldberg, wears hearing aids. The 60-year-old attributes her hearing loss to years of listening to loud music and warns others about hearing loss: “Stop it in its tracks because not being able to hear is a bit of a b**ch.  I can tell you that from experience”.</p> <p><strong>3. Lou Ferrigno</strong></p> <p>Best known as TV’s Incredible Hulk, actor and former bodybuilder Ferrigno, lost 75 percent of his hearing at the age of three due to an ear infection. The 64-year-old has worn hearing aids since he was four. “I think my hearing loss helped create a determination within me to be all I can be, and gave me a certain strength of character, too,” </p> <p><strong>4. Robert Redford</strong></p> <p>Redford, 78, insisted on performing his own stunts while filming his critically acclaimed movie, All Is Lost. Playing a solo sailor stranded in the Indian Ocean, he was submerged in a massive water tank day after day and pelted with water from an off-camera hose. The result: a severe ear infection that permanently robbed him of 60 per cent of his hearing in his left ear. </p> <p><strong>5. Helen Keller</strong></p> <p>Helen Adams Keller was an American author, activist and lecturer. She was the first deaf/blind person to graduate from college.  Keller went on to become a world-famous speaker and author. She is remembered as an advocate for people with disabilities amid numerous other causes.</p> <p><strong>6. Beethoven</strong></p> <p>Beethoven was a great source of confidence for others as he was able to create and play music despite being completely deaf. Beethoven conquered his disability and became one of the greatest musicians of all time. Because Beethoven couldn’t hear the music or the audience’s applause, he would have to turn around to see if his work was a success.</p> <p><strong>7. Thomas Edison</strong></p> <p>Thomas Alva Edison struggled in school due to his hearing loss, and was noted to be terrible at mathematics, unable to focus, and had difficulty with words and speech. Despite his official schooling ending after three years, he went on to develop many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph and a long lasting light bulb.</p> <p>Have you or someone you know defied the odds and overcome their health to do something great? Let us know in the comments below.</p> <p><strong>Related links:</strong></p> <p><a href="/health/hearing/2016/06/tips-for-going-to-movies-with-hearing-loss/"><strong><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">How to enjoy going to the movies with hearing loss</span></em></strong></a></p> <p><a href="/health/hearing/2016/04/importance-of-hearing-tests/"><em><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Study highlights importance of hearing tests</span></strong></em></a></p> <p><a href="/health/hearing/2016/06/understanding-long-term-hearing-damage/"><em><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Understanding long-term hearing damage</span></strong></em></a></p>

Hearing

Placeholder Content Image

The dangers of single sided deafness

<p>There are many people who don’t think single sided deafness is a serious condition. It would be natural to assume that if the other ear is working, there must be no problems with hearing loss. Right? However, nothing could be further from the truth. Our brains are naturally designed to process sound from two ears. This is called binaural hearing. Hearing with only one ear is much harder for us to do.</p> <p>If you have deafness in one ear, it can make conversation in a noisy room almost impossible. It can make social interaction exhausting and frustrating, resulting in irritability, stress, anxiety, and headaches. With only one working ear, it can be hard to hear and understand speech and it is difficult for the brain to distinguish the origin of sounds, such as the direction of footsteps or a ringing telephone.</p> <p>Worse, it can make everyday life situations dangerous such as being unable to locate the direction of an emergency siren when driving or even oncoming traffic when crossing the road.</p> <p><strong>What is single sided deafness?</strong></p> <p>Single sided deafness (SSD) is also known as Unilateral Hearing Loss and is, as the name suggests, the loss of hearing in one ear. This loss can range from mild to profound. There are several potential causes for this condition, including: Sudden deafness; physical damage to the ear; pressure on the hearing nerve; inner ear problems including infections (viral or bacterial); and diseases such as Meniere's, measles, mumps and meningitis.</p> <p><strong>What are the symptoms?</strong></p> <p>The symptoms of single sided deafness vary, but most often it is difficult for the person experiencing deafness to locate a sound source. For example, they may have difficulty determining where a voice is coming from when someone speaks from their deaf side. They may also miss out on conversations or have trouble communicating in certain situations.</p> <p><strong>How can implantable hearing solutions help?</strong></p> <p>Some people try to use hearing aids, but these often don’t help, particularly if the problem is due to damage to the cochlea or inner ear or if there are significant problems with middle ear function. Even sound amplification from the most powerful hearing may not help.</p> <p>The good news is that there are other solutions available. Cochlear implants and <a href="http://www.cochlear.com/wps/wcm/connect/au/home/discover/baha-bone-conduction-implants" target="_blank"><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Baha Bone Conduction Implant Systems</span></strong></a> are recognised as effective treatments for single sided deafness. Recent studies have suggested that cochlear implantation can benefit people with single sided deafness by improving speech understanding and sound localisation, and suppressing tinnitus.</p> <p>Hearing with a cochlear implant can help you to understand speech in noisy environments, and also identify which direction sound is coming from. This makes it easier to follow group discussions. When someone starts to speak, being able to tune in immediately and react quickly gives you a feeling of confidence.</p> <p><strong>Living proof</strong></p> <p>Tobin Fonseca boarded a plane with full hearing and disembarked hearing in only one ear.</p> <p>“The dramatic shift from being able to hear, to single sided deafness was a big adjustment,” he said. “I don’t think people realise how traumatic it is to lose hearing on one side. It was virtually impossible to even know that I was being spoken to, let alone hear what was being said.”</p> <p>Tobin was diagnosed with suspected Meniere’s disease and his hearing in his left ear never recovered.</p> <p>“With only single sided hearing, I found many day to day activities difficult," he said. “It was difficult to hear in meetings and I lost the ability to determine sound direction. Even communicating with my executive assistant, who sits 1.5m from my desk, was near impossible. </p> <p>“I couldn’t hear properly when I went to a restaurant, nor attend any type of work or social function. At home my partner would speak to me while walking away and it was impossible for me to hear.”</p> <p>Tobin tried a few hearing devices, which didn’t really help, so he decided to have a Cochlear implant.</p> <p>“The benefits I have had as a result of my cochlear implant are many," he said. "I know where sounds are coming from. I can hear in meetings; I can hear at social gatherings; I can hear music. My implant has far exceeded what I thought would be possible after losing my hearing."</p> <p><strong>Main advantages of hearing with both ears:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Ability to localise sound</li> <li>Able to ‘tune-in’ to sounds when there is background noise</li> <li>Hearing more natural sound with two listening ears</li> <li>Participate in conversations at social functions</li> </ul> <p><em>If you or a loved one are seeking solutions to regain your hearing and reconnect with life, visit <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.cochlear.com/au/getstarted" target="_blank">Cochlear</a></strong></span> to get free hints and tips for better hearing.</em></p> <p><strong>Related links:</strong></p> <p><a href="/health/hearing/2016/05/managing-hearing-loss-more-than-hearing-aids/"><em><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Managing hearing loss is more than getting hearing aids</span></strong></em></a></p> <p><a href="/health/hearing/2016/05/quotes-about-hearing-for-first-time/"><strong><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Quotes about hearing for first time</span></em></strong></a></p> <p><a href="/health/hearing/2016/04/this-is-what-hearing-loss-sounds-like/"><em><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">This is what hearing loss sounds like</span></strong></em></a></p>

Hearing

Placeholder Content Image

Deaf girl can hear under water

<p>Katya Gardiner used to have to swim with big bags billowing around her ears. </p> <p>Now the deaf eight-year-old looks just the same as other children in the water. </p> <p>The Khandallah School pupil was born with no hearing and has cochlear Implants, surgically implanted electronic devices that provide a sense of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf or severely hard of hearing.</p> <p>Until recently, the implants could not be used under water without bags to keep them dry.</p> <p>That all changed when Katya received funding from the Halberg Disability Sport Foundation's all sports activity fund for an aqua + accessory – a device that protects her cochlear Implants. </p> <p>Katya's father, Sym Gardiner, said it had opened up the opportunity for her to swim and do the sort of messy activities other children did. </p> <p>"Before she basically had a plastic bag that went over it," he said. </p> <p>"They would float off because there was air inside. It was also clumsy and made a scrunching sound." </p> <p>"But it's not just swimming. For school if they go off and do rafting or anything where there is lots of splashing, we can slap these on. With the bags we couldn't have really done that." </p> <p>Katya said she liked it because it meant she could do sports. </p> <p>Sym said it also made it easier for his daughter to fit in. </p> <p>"Now it's less obvious. You can barely see it."</p> <p>It was an example of how technology had changed the lives of deaf children. </p> <p>"Now there are no limits for these kids. That's a big change, because 20 years ago there were."</p> <p>Sym said the accessory cost about $700, $100 of which was paid for by the family. </p> <p>The Halberg foundation offers grants to physically disabled young people to help overcome the financial barriers that prevent them from participating in sport and recreation.</p> <p><em><strong>First appeared on Stuff.co.nz</strong></em></p> <p><strong>Related links:</strong></p> <p><a href="/health/hearing/2016/02/deaf-woman-gets-cochlear-implants/"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em><strong>Deaf woman gets cochlear implants as she’s going blind</strong></em></span></a></p> <p><a href="/health/hearing/2015/12/gene-therapy-breakthrough-hearing-loss/"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em><strong>Gene breakthrough for treatment of hearing loss</strong></em></span></a></p> <p><a href="/health/hearing/2016/01/childhood-illnesses-linked-to-hearing-loss-later-in-life/"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em><strong>Childhood illnesses linked to hearing loss later in life</strong></em></span></a></p>

Hearing