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I’ve recovered from a cold but I still have a hoarse voice. What should I do?

<div class="theconversation-article-body"><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/yeptain-leung-1563747">Yeptain Leung</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/the-university-of-melbourne-722">The University of Melbourne</a></em></p> <p>Cold, flu, COVID and <a href="https://theconversation.com/rsv-is-everywhere-right-now-what-parents-need-to-know-about-respiratory-syncytial-virus-208855">RSV</a> have been <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-06-21/flu-whooping-cough-rsv-cases-up-as-covid-cases-unkown/104002964">circulating across Australia this winter</a>. Many of us have caught and recovered from <a href="https://theconversation.com/i-feel-sick-how-do-i-know-if-i-have-the-flu-covid-rsv-or-something-else-234266">one of these</a> common upper respiratory tract infections.</p> <p>But for some people their impact is ongoing. Even if your throat isn’t <a href="https://theconversation.com/sore-throats-suck-do-throat-lozenges-help-at-all-184454">sore</a> anymore, your voice may still be hoarse or croaky.</p> <p>So what happens to the voice when we get a virus? And what happens after?</p> <p>Here’s what you should know if your voice is still hoarse for days – or even weeks – after your other symptoms have resolved.</p> <h2>Why does my voice get croaky during a cold?</h2> <p>A healthy voice is normally clear and strong. It’s powered by the lungs, which push air past the vocal cords to make them vibrate. These vibrations are amplified in the throat and mouth, creating the voice we hear.</p> <p>The vocal cords are two elastic muscles situated in your throat, around the level of your laryngeal prominence, or Adam’s apple. (Although everyone has one, it tends to be more pronounced in males.) The vocal cords are small and delicate – around the size of your fingernail. Any small change in their structure will affect how the voice sounds.</p> <p>When the vocal cords become inflamed – known as laryngitis – your voice will sound different. Laryngitis is a common part of upper respiratory tract infections, but can also be caused through misuse.</p> <figure class="align-center "><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/614706/original/file-20240821-17-nzg1mc.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/614706/original/file-20240821-17-nzg1mc.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=366&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/614706/original/file-20240821-17-nzg1mc.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=366&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/614706/original/file-20240821-17-nzg1mc.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=366&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/614706/original/file-20240821-17-nzg1mc.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=460&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/614706/original/file-20240821-17-nzg1mc.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=460&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/614706/original/file-20240821-17-nzg1mc.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=460&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w" alt="Two drawn circles comparing normal vocal cords with inflamed, red vocal cords." /><figcaption><span class="caption">Viruses such as the common cold can inflame the vocal cords.</span> <span class="attribution"><a class="source" href="https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/dry-sore-loss-cough-virus-viral-1821458117">Pepermpron/Shutterstock</a></span></figcaption></figure> <p>Catching a virus triggers the body’s defence mechanisms. White blood cells are recruited to kill the virus and heal the tissues in the vocal cords. They become inflamed, but also stiffer. It’s harder for them to vibrate, so the voice comes out hoarse and croaky.</p> <p>In some instances, you may find it hard to speak in a loud voice or have a reduced pitch range, meaning you can’t go as high or loud as normal. You may even “lose” your voice altogether.</p> <p>Coughing can also make things worse. It is the body’s way of trying to clear the airways of irritation, including your own mucus dripping onto your throat (<a href="https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/treatments-for-post-nasal-drip">post-nasal drip</a>). But coughing slams the vocal cords together with force.</p> <p>Chronic coughing can lead to persistent inflammation and even thicken the vocal cords. This thickening is the body trying to protect itself, similar to developing a callus when a pair of new shoes rubs.</p> <p>Thickening on your vocal cords can lead to physical changes in the vocal cords – such as developing a growth or “nodule” – and further deterioration of your voice quality.</p> <figure class="align-center "><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/614707/original/file-20240821-21-vizs73.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/614707/original/file-20240821-21-vizs73.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=376&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/614707/original/file-20240821-21-vizs73.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=376&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/614707/original/file-20240821-21-vizs73.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=376&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/614707/original/file-20240821-21-vizs73.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=473&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/614707/original/file-20240821-21-vizs73.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=473&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/614707/original/file-20240821-21-vizs73.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=473&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w" alt="Diagram compares healthy vocal cords with cords that have nodules, two small bumps." /><figcaption><span class="caption">Coughing and exertion can cause inflamed vocal cords to thicken and develop nodules.</span> <span class="attribution"><a class="source" href="https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/dry-sore-loss-cough-virus-viral-1821458126">Pepermpron/Shutterstock</a></span></figcaption></figure> <h2>How can you care for your voice during infection?</h2> <p>People who use their voices a lot professionally – such as teachers, call centre workers and singers – are often desperate to resume their vocal activities. They are <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7478078/">more at risk</a> of forcing their voice before it’s ready.</p> <p>The good news is most viral infections resolve themselves. Your voice is usually restored within five to ten days of recovering from a cold.</p> <p>Occasionally, your pharmacist or doctor may prescribe cough suppressants to limit additional damage to the vocal cords (among other reasons) or mucolytics, which break down mucus. But the most effective treatments for viral upper respiratory tract infections are hydration and rest.</p> <p>Drink plenty of water, avoid alcohol and exposure to cigarette smoke. <a href="https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/laryngitis#:%7E:text=You%20can%20help%20your%20voice%20recover%20by%3A%201,avoid%20nasal%20decongestants%20%28these%20make%20your%20throat%20drier%29">Inhaling steam</a> by making yourself a cup of hot water will also help clear blocked noses and hydrate your vocal cords.</p> <p>Rest your voice by talking as little as possible. If you do need to talk, don’t whisper – this <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0892199704001730">strains the muscles</a>.</p> <p>Instead, consider using “<a href="https://www.instagram.com/reel/C0d-oNIMM1y/">confidential voice</a>”. This is a soft voice – not a whisper – that gently vibrates your vocal cords but puts less strain on your voice than normal speech. Think of the voice you use when communicating with someone close by.</p> <p>During the first five to ten days of your infection, it is important not to push through. Exerting the voice by talking a lot or loudly will only exacerbate the situation. Once you’ve recovered from your cold, you can speak as you would normally.</p> <h2>What should you do if your voice is still hoarse after recovery?</h2> <p>If your voice hasn’t returned to normal after <a href="https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/laryngitis">two to three weeks</a>, you should seek medical attention from your doctor, who may refer you to an ear nose and throat specialist.</p> <p>If you’ve developed a nodule, the specialist would likely refer you to a speech pathologist who will show you how to take care of your voice. Many nodules can be <a href="https://britishvoiceassociation.org.uk/voicecare_vocal-nodules.htm">treated</a> with voice therapy and don’t require surgery.</p> <p>You may have also developed a habit of straining your vocal cords, if you forced yourself to speak or sing while they were inflamed. This can be a reason why some people continue to have a hoarse voice even when they’ve recovered from the cold.</p> <p>In those cases, a speech pathologist may play a valuable role. They may teach you to exercises that make voicing more efficient. For example, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fwNPp-RS4IY">lip trills</a> (blowing raspberries) are a fun and easy way you can learn to relax the voice. This can help break the habit of straining your voice you may have developed during infection.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/236398/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines --></p> <p><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/yeptain-leung-1563747">Yeptain Leung</a>, Postdoctoral Research and Lecturer of Speech Pathology, School of Health Sciences, <em><a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/the-university-of-melbourne-722">The University of Melbourne</a></em></p> <p>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/ive-recovered-from-a-cold-but-i-still-have-a-hoarse-voice-what-should-i-do-236398">original article</a>.</p> </div>

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The voice in your head may help you recall and process words. But what if you don’t have one?

<p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/derek-arnold-106381">Derek Arnold</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/the-university-of-queensland-805">The University of Queensland</a></em></p> <p>Can you imagine hearing yourself speak? A voice inside your head – perhaps reciting a shopping list or a phone number? What would life be like if you couldn’t?</p> <p>Some people, including me, cannot have imagined visual experiences. We cannot close our eyes and conjure an experience of seeing a loved one’s face, or imagine our lounge room layout – to consider if a new piece of furniture might fit in it. This is called “<a href="https://theconversation.com/a-blind-and-deaf-mind-what-its-like-to-have-no-visual-imagination-or-inner-voice-226134">aphantasia</a>”, from a Greek phrase where the “a” means without, and “phantasia” refers to an image. Colloquially, people like myself are often referred to as having a “blind mind”.</p> <p>While most attention has been given to the inability to have imagined visual sensations, aphantasics can lack other imagined experiences. We might be unable to experience imagined tastes or smells. Some people cannot imagine hearing themselves speak.</p> <p>A <a href="https://www.sciencealert.com/we-used-to-think-everybody-heard-a-voice-inside-their-heads-but-we-were-wrong">recent study</a> has advanced our understanding of people who cannot imagine hearing their own internal monologue. Importantly, the authors have identified some tasks that such people are more likely to find challenging.</p> <h2>What the study found</h2> <p>Researchers at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark and at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in the United States <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/09567976241243004">recruited 93 volunteers</a>. They included 46 adults who reported low levels of inner speech and 47 who reported high levels.</p> <p>Both groups were given challenging tasks: judging if the names of objects they had seen would rhyme and recalling words. The group without an inner monologue performed worse. But differences disappeared when everyone could say words aloud.</p> <p>Importantly, people who reported less inner speech were not worse at all tasks. They could recall similar numbers of words when the words had a different appearance to one another. This negates any suggestion that aphants (people with aphantasia) simply weren’t trying or were less capable.</p> <h2>A welcome validation</h2> <p>The study provides some welcome evidence for the lived experiences of some aphants, who are still often told their experiences are not different, but rather that they cannot describe their imagined experiences. Some people feel anxiety when they realise other people can have imagined experiences that they cannot. These feelings may be deepened when others assert they are merely confused or inarticulate.</p> <p>In my own <a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1374349/full">aphantasia research</a> I have often quizzed crowds of people on their capacity to have imagined experiences.</p> <p>Questions about the capacity to have imagined visual or audio sensations tend to be excitedly endorsed by a vast majority, but questions about imagined experiences of taste or smell seem to cause more confusion. Some people are adamant they can do this, including a colleague who says he can imagine what combinations of ingredients will taste like when cooked together. But other responses suggest subtypes of aphantasia may prove to be more common than we realise.</p> <p>The authors of the recent study suggest the inability to imagine hearing yourself speak should be referred to as “anendophasia”, meaning without inner speech. Other authors had suggested <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8551557/">anauralia</a> (meaning without auditory imagery). Still other researchers have referred to all types of imagined sensation as being different types of “imagery”.</p> <p>Having <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0010945222000417">consistent names</a> is important. It can help scientists “talk” to one another to compare findings. If different authors use different names, important evidence can be missed.</p> <h2>We have more than 5 senses</h2> <p>Debate continues about how many senses humans have, but some scientists reasonably argue for a <a href="https://www.sensorytrust.org.uk/blog/how-many-senses-do-we-have#:%7E:text=Because%20there%20is%20some%20overlap,sensation%20of%20hunger%20or%20thirst.">number greater than 20</a>.</p> <p>In addition to the five senses of sight, smell, taste, touch and hearing, lesser known senses include thermoception (our sense of heat) and proprioception (awareness of the positions of our body parts). Thanks to proprioception, most of us can close our eyes and touch the tip of our index finger to our nose. Thanks to our vestibular sense, we typically have a good idea of which way is up and can maintain balance.</p> <p>It may be tempting to give a new name to each inability to have a given type of imagined sensation. But this could lead to confusion. Another approach would be to adapt phrases that are already widely used. People who are unable to have imagined sensations commonly refer to ourselves as “aphants”. This could be adapted with a prefix, such as “audio aphant”. Time will tell which approach is adopted by most researchers.</p> <h2>Why we should keep investigating</h2> <p>Regardless of the names we use, the study of multiple types of inability to have an imagined sensation is important. These investigations could reveal the essential processes in human brains that bring about a conscious experience of an imagined sensation.</p> <p>In time, this will not only lead to a better understanding of the diversity of humans, but may help uncover how human brains can create any conscious sensation. This question – how and where our conscious feelings are generated – remains one of the great mysteries of science.<img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/230973/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /></p> <p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/derek-arnold-106381">Derek Arnold</a>, Professor, School of Psychology, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/the-university-of-queensland-805">The University of Queensland</a></em></p> <p><em>Image credits: Shutterstock</em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/the-voice-in-your-head-may-help-you-recall-and-process-words-but-what-if-you-dont-have-one-230973">original article</a>.</em></p>

Mind

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Why our voices change as we get older

<p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/adam-taylor-283950">Adam Taylor</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/lancaster-university-1176">Lancaster University</a></em></p> <p>Sir Elton John set a record at this year’s Glastonbury, becoming the <a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/elton-john-glastonbury-viewing-record-b2364260.html">most-watched headliner</a> in the festival’s history, with more than 7 million people tuning in live to the BBC to watch his last ever UK performance.</p> <p>The 76-year-old singer certainly delivered all his characteristic showmanship. But many who have followed his music over the decades will have noticed how much his voice has changed during his career – and not only because of the <a href="https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/a-qa-with-elton-john-65620/">surgery he had</a> in the 1980s to <a href="https://ultimateclassicrock.com/elton-john-throat-surgery/">remove polyps</a> from his vocal cords.</p> <p>Equally, it’s not all down to the process of ageing. While it’s no mystery that this affects every part of our body, it isn’t the only reason that a person’s voice – even a professional singer like Sir Elton – can sound quite different over the years.</p> <h2>The sound of your voice</h2> <p>The vocal cords are what produce the sound of your voice. They are located in the <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538202/">larynx</a>, a part of the respiratory system that allows air to pass from your throat to your lungs. When air passes out of the lungs and through the larynx, it causes the vocal cords to vibrate – <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5412481/">producing sound</a>.</p> <p>The vocal cords are composed of <a href="https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/vocal-cords">three main parts</a>: the vocalis muscle, vocal ligament, and a mucous membrane (containing glands) to cover them. This keeps the surface moist and <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2810851/">protects them from damage</a>.</p> <p>There are also approximately <a href="https://radiopaedia.org/articles/intrinsic-muscles-of-the-larynx?lang=gb">17 other muscles</a> in the larynx that can alter vocal cord position and tension – thus changing the sound produced.</p> <p>Pre-puberty, there’s very little difference in the sound the vocal cords produce. But during puberty, hormones begin exerting their effects. This changes the structure of the larynx – making the “Adam’s apple” more prominent in men – and the <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0018506X16301271?via%3Dihub">length of the vocal cords</a>. After puberty, they’re around 16mm in length in men, and 10mm in women.</p> <p>Women’s vocal cords are also <a href="https://pubs.aip.org/asa/jasa/article/82/S1/S90/719336/Physiology-of-the-female-larynx">20-30%</a> thinner after puberty. These shorter, thinner vocal cords are the reason why women typically have <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3306615">higher voices</a> than men.</p> <p>Even after puberty, hormones can affect the voice. For instance, a woman’s voice may sound different depending on the stage of her menstrual cycle – with the <a href="https://www.jvoice.org/article/S0892-1997(08)00169-0/fulltext">best voice quality</a> being in the ovulatory phase. This is because the glands produce most mucous during this phase, giving the vocal cords their best functional ability.</p> <p>Research also shows that women taking the contraceptive pill show <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0892199717304940">less variation in voice quality</a> because the pill halts ovulation.</p> <p>On the other hand, hormonal changes during the premenstrual phase impede the vocal cords, making them stiffer. This may explain why opera singers would be offered “<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0892199717301133">grace days</a>” in the 1960s to ensure they didn’t damage their vocal cords. And, because <a href="https://www.asha.org/practice-portal/clinical-topics/voice-disorders/#collapse_1">women’s vocal cords</a> are thinner, they may also be more likely to <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15157130/">suffer damage</a> from overuse.</p> <h2>Everything ages</h2> <p>As with almost every other part of the body, vocal cords age. But these changes might not be as <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0892199721000011">noticeable for everyone</a>.</p> <p>As we get older, the larynx begins increasing its <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1752928X21001840">mineral content</a>, making it stiffer and more like bone than cartilage. This change can begin happening as early as <a href="https://meridian.allenpress.com/angle-orthodontist/article/75/2/196/57743/Ossification-of-Laryngeal-Cartilages-on-Lateral">your thirties</a> – especially in men. This makes the vocal cords less flexible.</p> <p>The muscles that allow the vocal cords to move also <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6166195/">begin wasting</a> (as do our other muscles) as we age. The ligaments and tissues that support the vocal cords also <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11800365/">lose elasticity</a>, becoming <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25645525/">less flexible</a>.</p> <p>There’s also a decrease in <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2695176/">pulmonary muscle function</a>, reducing the power of the air expelled from the lungs to create the sound. The number of glands that produce the protective mucus also decrease, alongside a reduction in the ability to <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10156980/">control the larynx</a>.</p> <h2>Lifestyle is a factor</h2> <p>While vocal cords age at largely the same rate in most people, many lifestyle factors can increase the risk of damage to them – and so can change the way your voice sounds.</p> <p>Smoking, for example, causes <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3918293/">localised inflammation</a>, increased <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4824943/">mucous production</a>, but can also <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4557797/">dry out</a> the mucosal surfaces. Alcohol has a <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6166195/">similar effect</a>. Over time, these factors can damage the vocal cords and alter the voice’s sound.</p> <p>Some over-the-counter and prescription drugs can also alter the voice – such as <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaotolaryngology/fullarticle/482932">steroid inhalers used for laryngitis</a>. Blood thinners may also <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10875579/">damage the vocal cords</a> and can cause polyps to form, making the voice sound raspy or hoarse. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7395839/">Muscle relaxants</a>, too, can lead to irritation and vocal cord damage due to the drug allowing stomach acid to wash back into the larynx. Thankfully, the irritation and changes caused by these medications typically disappears after stopping use.</p> <p>One other lifestyle factor can be overuse, which is typically seen in singers and other people who use their voice a lot <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15157130/">during work</a>, such as teachers and fitness instructors. This can lead to an uncommon condition called <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9392404/">Reinke’s oedema</a>, which can also be caused by smoking. Reinke’s oedema causes fluid to swell in the vocal cords, changing the pitch of the voice – often <a href="https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/reinkes-oedema/">making it deeper</a>.</p> <p>In extreme cases of Reinke’s oedema, <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00405-022-07377-9">surgery is needed</a> to drain the fluid. But in most cases, rest and avoiding irritants (smoking and alcohol) is beneficial, while speech and language therapy can also address the <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1460-6984.1995.tb01660.x">change in sound</a>.</p> <h2>Maintaining our vocal quality</h2> <p>While we can’t help some of the age-related changes that happen to our vocal cords, we can maintain some of our vocal quality and ability through continued use. This may explain why, in many cases, singers show <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27049451/">significantly less vocal change</a> with age than their non-singing counterparts.</p> <p>Singing or <a href="https://www.aarp.org/health/healthy-living/info-2014/improve-aging-voice.html">reading out</a> loud daily can give the vocal cords sufficient exercise to slow their decline.</p> <p><a href="https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/taking-care-your-voice">Looking after</a> your vocal cords is also important. Staying hydrated and limiting intake of <a href="https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/presbyphonia/">alcohol</a> and <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7069957/">tobacco</a> can help prevent high rates of decline and damage.<img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/208640/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /></p> <p><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/adam-taylor-283950"><em>Adam Taylor</em></a><em>, Professor and Director of the Clinical Anatomy Learning Centre, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/lancaster-university-1176">Lancaster University</a></em></p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images </em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/why-our-voices-change-as-we-get-older-208640">original article</a>.</em></p>

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Tina Turner: an immense talent with a voice and back catalogue that unites disparate music lovers

<p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/freya-jarman-535397">Freya Jarman</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-liverpool-1198">University of Liverpool</a></em></p> <p>On a few rare occasions (often at the end of a night), I’ve confided to my friends that Tina Turner was one of my biggest celebrity crushes. The revelation has usually been met with some surprise, and not unreasonably. Born in 1939, Tina was older than my mother and nearly 40 years older than me.</p> <p>But to me, she was a complete goddess from the moment I first encountered her. I vividly recall a white button-down shirt and figure-hugging blue jeans (probably the Foreign Affair tour of 1990) and an awakening of teenage desire.</p> <p>Turner has died aged 83. Reflecting now on her 50-year-long career, I can see the threads that made her the perfect icon for the young queer feminist I was in the early 90s. She was a strong and resilient woman who escaped the control of abusive men and went on to forge a stronger solo career afterwards.</p> <p>But her music also pushed boundaries of genre in ways that start to defy categories of gender, race and age, thereby changing the way female performers could be thought of.</p> <p>In 1967, Turner was both the first Black artist and woman to appear on the cover of <a href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-pictures/tina-turner-rolling-stone-covers-916255/">Rolling Stone</a>. She remains the only Black woman to have been inducted twice into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In 2013, she became the oldest person (at 73) to appear on the <a href="https://www.thecut.com/2013/03/tina-turner-oldest-vogue-cover-model.html">cover of Vogue</a>.</p> <p>Vocally, Turner was raised in the church, Spring Hill Baptist Church in Nutbush, specifically. However, her voice was different from the others she came up alongside.</p> <p>Unlike Dionne Warwick, Aretha Franklin or Diana Ross, Turner’s voice had a grit and a rasp, qualities that always added an unexpected edge to her early work. It was also a sound that enabled her to move beyond soul and blues in her solo career.</p> <h2>A genre-fluid singer</h2> <p>Turner’s first solo album (in 1974) was country, replete with steel guitars and talk of the bayou. The very next year, she performed the role of the <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2rJGX8uqoL8&amp;ab_channel=StevenPrestidge">Acid Queen</a> in film of The Who’s psychedelic operetta fantasy, Tommy. The role gave its name to an album featuring several notable rock covers by Turner, such as Led Zeppelin’s Whole Lotta Love.</p> <p>Famously, she escaped from an abusive relationship with her singing partner Ike Turner, securing the rights to her stage name to her comparative financial detriment in their divorce settlement in 1978. Ike exerted his dominance in plain sight, slipping verbal threats of violence into <a href="https://youtu.be/FqdhfwUd2lk?t=88">a live performance of I’ve Been Loving You Too Long</a> at a concert in Ghana (1971).</p> <p>From the early 1980s, Turner made what has repeatedly been described as one of the most remarkable career comebacks of the century. The chart success of her cover of Al Green’s <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4rFB4nj_GRc&amp;ab_channel=TinaTurner">Let’s Stay Together</a> (1983) came from left of field and the ensuing album, Private Dancer (1984) went platinum five times.</p> <figure><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/d4QnalIHlVc?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0" width="440" height="260" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe></figure> <p>Private Dancer represented another musical turn, this time towards the electro-synth pop world inhabited by Heaven 17, whose Rupert Hine and Martyn Ware produced several of the songs.</p> <p>The title song of the album exemplifies the narrative of Tina as a feminist powerhouse. Even 40 years on, the idea of a woman in her mid-40s singing a pop song about sex work is somewhat surprising.</p> <p>It’s not just an allusion to sex work (like, for instance, Blondie’s Call Me). And it’s far from the many songs about female sex workers written and performed by men (take Roxanne by The Police or Killer Queen by Queen for instance).</p> <p>Private Dancer is an explicit and unambiguous declaration of female desire and power in the first person. If anyone were in any doubt that Beyoncé owes a great deal to Turner’s trailblazing, her video for <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pZ12_E5R3qc&amp;ab_channel=Beyonc%C3%A9VEVO">Partition</a> is surely evidence, being a direct descendant of Private Dancer with its cage-dancing sex show.</p> <p>Over her 14 solo albums, Turner developed a remarkable capacity to push through boundaries and exist between categories. Along the way, she also changed how a woman in popular music was positioned for consumption. This magic made her fans in all sorts of music listeners.</p> <h2>A musical uniter</h2> <p>Turner’s musical agility allowed her to inhabit contradictory musical spaces simultaneously. For instance, there is the Tina Turner who makes regular appearances on the setlists of DJs at retro club nights, inspiring inebriated patrons to shake their tail feathers in unison.</p> <p>There is an exuberance here that crosses times and identities to bring a crowd together in the ritual of “rolling on the river”. It’s a song that also invites all shades of <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GLUJz5xrdds&amp;ab_channel=ThatRPDRChannel">drag performance to honour it</a>.</p> <figure><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/GC5E8ie2pdM?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0" width="440" height="260" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe></figure> <p>Then there is the Tina Turner who appears – frequently as the only woman, and perhaps uniquely as a Black woman – on compilations targeted at a predominantly male audience.</p> <p>The world of “dad rock” and “driving anthems” is a stronghold of largely white, male baby boomers. Think Robert Palmer, ZZ Top, The Jam and Whitesnake. There alongside them is Turner with songs like The Best, We Don’t Need Another Hero and Nutbush City Limits.</p> <p>Tina Turner’s capacity to transcend these borders of genre, and with them, borders of race, age, and gender, is what made her the absolute legend that she was. To me, it will also always represent a hybridity that calls to my identity as a queer feminist.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/206526/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines --></p> <p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/freya-jarman-535397">Freya Jarman</a>, Reader in the Department of Music, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-liverpool-1198">University of Liverpool</a></em></p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/tina-turner-an-immense-talent-with-a-voice-and-back-catalogue-that-unites-disparate-music-lovers-206526">original article</a>.</em></p>

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"Get my voice back": Kathy Griffin's intense pre-op drama

<p>Kathy Griffin has shared footage of her pre-operation appointment before she undergoes vocal cord surgery in an effort to save her voice.</p> <p>The American comedian took to TikTok to show fans the process of her surgeon sticking a camera scope up her nose and through to her vocal cord to get a clearer view of the damage.</p> <p>"First step is the numbing spray. Then the scope goes up the nose, down into the vocal cords!" she explained with captions.</p> <p>"As you can see, the left chord is paralyzed.”</p> <p>After she was instructed to make noises to test the cords, Griffin is seen following the doctor’s orders and watching her vocal cord movement on the screen.</p> <p>Griffin reflected post-operation in the same clip, with the 62-year-old lying in a recovery bed following the surgery.</p> <div><iframe title="tiktok embed" src="https://cdn.embedly.com/widgets/media.html?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tiktok.com%2Fembed%2Fv2%2F7242029180651687214&display_name=tiktok&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tiktok.com%2F%40kathygriffin%2Fvideo%2F7242029180651687214&image=https%3A%2F%2Fp19-sign.tiktokcdn-us.com%2Fobj%2Ftos-useast5-p-0068-tx%2F202ea4a9813e435c92a1c6996f018c11_1686166329%3Fx-expires%3D1686236400%26x-signature%3D%252Bk5fTTtG0O6jMWR7Pnky9ekvIlw%253D&key=5b465a7e134d4f09b4e6901220de11f0&type=text%2Fhtml&schema=tiktok" width="340" height="700" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe></div> <p>"I just had my latest surgery on my left vocal cord, because I want to be in good shape for my big Vegas show," she said.</p> <p>"This is just part of my recovery post-lung cancer surgery," she added. "I'm cancer-free, so anyway a little scratchy today, but I'll be in good shape.”</p> <p>"I so appreciate you guys following along on my journey to get my voice back after lung cancer,” Griffin captioned the video, also sharing it to her Instagram.</p> <p>Griffin had part of her lung removed in 2021 after being diagnosed with lung cancer and was in remission four months later.</p> <p>Her latest hospital visit comes after she revealed her diagnosis of “complex PTSD” in early 2023.</p> <p>Griffin shared her diagnosis in a TikTok in April, asking her followers for recommendations on how to cope with anxiety and depression.</p> <p>"Let's talk about PTSD. Never talked about it publicly," she said. "You can laugh or whatever, but I've been diagnosed with complex PTSD, and it's called an extreme case."</p> <p><em>Image credit: TikTok</em></p>

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5 tips to take the best care of your voice for everyone who sings, from a speech pathologist

<p>The care of your singing voice is crucial to maintain a healthy and long-life voice. </p> <p>Professional singers often have teams of people keeping their voices healthy, and they have received lots of training in how to take care of their voice.</p> <p>But everyone who sings – from young students to passionate amateurs – should be taking care of their voice.</p> <p>If you are a singer, here are five crucial tips to prevent vocal problems.</p> <h2>1. Keep hydrated</h2> <p>Hydration is the most important fact to be considered when singing. </p> <p>When we are dehydrated, the biomechanical properties of our vocal folds are impacted, decreasing our vocal range and increasing the stress on these folds.</p> <p>Singers who do not hydrate well are <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2925668/">at risk</a> of developing voice disorders such as nodules and polyps.</p> <p>An easy way to stay hydrated is to keep up your water consumption. Singers can complement this by using nebulisers and humidifiers.</p> <p>Humidifiers balance out dry air caused by heating or air conditioning. </p> <p>Nebulisers assist with hydration directly. By breathing in a saline water solution or purified water, we can see an immediate influence on our vocal folds. </p> <p>You don’t need fancy equipment. You can also breathe in steam from boiled water. Make sure to be careful with the temperature, as steam can burn our airway when it is too hot. Pour boiled water into a bowl, wait 5-7 minutes, place a towel over your head and then breathe in as many times as you like. </p> <h2>2. Warm-up and cool-down your voice</h2> <p>Vocal warm-up and cool-down exercises are <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0892199717300176">crucial</a>: these will have a positive benefit on your voice in the moment and prevent future injuries. </p> <p>An easy warm-up you can try only requires a straw. With a straw between your lips into the air or a cup of water, make a “u” sound. Working for five minutes, change the pitch and frequency of making this sound. The added resistance of singing through a straw will give your vocal folds a good work out.</p> <p>You can also add resistance by speaking or singing into a CPR mask.</p> <p>Other exercises don’t require these materials. You can try lips or tongue trills, humming and blowing raspberries. </p> <p>While there are many internet tutorials on how to do these exercises, I suggest you practise under professional supervision to avoid damaging your voice by going beyond your vocal limits. </p> <h2>3. Watch your lifestyle factors</h2> <p>Lifestyle is fundamental when taking care of our voices.</p> <p>In order to avoid injuries or develop any voice disorders, we should monitor external factors such as maintaining <a href="https://wp.stolaf.edu/musician-health/nutrition-eating-and-singing/">a balanced diet</a>, having <a href="https://wp.stolaf.edu/musician-health/resting-your-voice/">periods of rest</a> and reducing the consumption of <a href="https://tobaccofreelife.org/resources/smoking-singing/">cigarettes</a>, <a href="https://www.openmicuk.co.uk/advice/alcohol-and-singers/">alcohol</a>, <a href="https://www.openmicuk.co.uk/advice/how-much-can-recreational-drugs-affect-singing/">drugs</a>, <a href="https://www.openmicuk.co.uk/advice/is-coffee-good-or-bad-for-singers/">caffeine</a> and <a href="https://www.openmicuk.co.uk/advice/are-fizzy-drinks-good-or-bad-for-singers/">soft drinks</a>. </p> <p>By changing these habits, you can preserve good vocal health and keep your body running properly. You can also guard against developing reflux.</p> <p>Reflux occurs when acids from your stomach travel back up your throat. Symptoms include a burning sensation in your chest (heartburn), backwash (regurgitation) of food or sour liquid, upper abdominal or chest pain, trouble swallowing (dysphagia) or a sensation of a lump in your throat. </p> <p>This stomach acid can <a href="http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/docs/per/diet-tips-for-gastroesophageal-reflux-disease-gerd/handout_view_patient/@@getDocument">dry and irritate</a> your vocal folds. </p> <p>If you do experience any of these symptoms, keep up your water intake, try to avoid lying down for at least two to three hours after a meal and keep your head elevated using an extra pillow or two while you sleep. </p> <p>If these symptoms persist, visit your doctor for further examination.</p> <h2>4. Listen to your body</h2> <p>Sometimes our body sends signals when struggling. We should pay close attention to what our bodies are telling us.</p> <p>Negative warning signs can include a reduced tonal range, constant throat clearing, vocal fatigue, pain during or after singing or talking, mild or moderate abdominal tension, unstable voice, pitch breaks, difficulty singing or speaking softly. </p> <p>Speaking or singing should not present with any negative symptoms or conditions. </p> <p>It’s important to note home remedies like tea with honey, lemon and ginger, and gargles with salty water – or even alcohol – <a href="https://theconversation.com/how-to-actually-fix-a-lost-voice-according-to-science-hint-lemon-and-honey-doesnt-work-158230">do not</a> fix your voice. These will go directly to the oesophagus and will not have any effect on your vocal folds.</p> <p>If you are experiencing symptoms like these, pay more attention to things like your warm up, your cool down, periods of rest and your levels of hydration. If they persist, visit a doctor or a speech pathologist.</p> <h2>5. See a professional</h2> <p>Don’t try and push through any pain or difficulties you are facing.</p> <p>When facing any vocal difficulty, you should visit an ear, nose and throat doctor (ENT) or a speech pathologist. </p> <p>An ENT can check your larynx and other structures to make sure you do not have any organic or functional disorders impacting your voice.</p> <p>If you would like to practise new techniques – like belting or voice distortions – consult with voice specialists like speech pathologists, vocal coaches or music teachers who are experts on these areas. </p> <p>Last but not least, check your voice with professionals once a year. This will help with the prevention of future injuries and help you maintain a healthy voice.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://theconversation.com/5-tips-to-take-the-best-care-of-your-voice-for-everyone-who-sings-from-a-speech-pathologist-193222" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Conversation</a>. </em></p>

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Olivia Newton-John gave a voice to those with cancer and shifted the focus to the life of survivors

<h2 class="legacy">Olivia <span class="nobr">Newton-John</span> gave a voice to those with cancer and shifted the focus to the life of survivors</h2> <p><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/alex-broom-121063">Alex Broom</a>, <em><a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-sydney-841">University of Sydney</a></em></p> <p>Since news of Olivia Newton-John’s death this week, many have paid tribute to her character, humble nature and cultural significance.</p> <p>She also made a significant contribution to cancer survivorship and the ideal of treating the whole person, not just their disease.</p> <p>Newton-John was <a href="https://www.onjcancercentre.org/about/olivia-newton-john">diagnosed</a> with breast cancer in 1992 and underwent a partial mastectomy, chemotherapy and breast reconstruction. Her cancer journey spanned three decades, and as she <a href="https://www.onjcancercentre.org/about/olivia-newton-john">explained</a>:</p> <blockquote> <p>The whole experience has given me much understanding and compassion, so much so that I wanted to help others going through the same journey.</p> </blockquote> <p> </p> <h2>Bringing our attention to cancer</h2> <p>Getting the community mobilised around difficult topics like cancer can be tough. Celebrities – and their experience of illness and healing – have become one of the most powerful means for mobilising action.</p> <p>Olivia Newton-John was one of the first to share her experience of breast cancer with a wide audience and her advocacy opened the door for others such as Kylie Minogue and <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13058-014-0442-6?ncid=txtlnkusaolp00000618">Angelina Jolie</a> to share theirs.</p> <p>Stories like theirs have mobilised cancer <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13058-014-0442-6?ncid=txtlnkusaolp00000618">screening</a> and <a href="https://www.onjcri.org.au/">research</a>, prompting reflection and normalised the experience of living with cancer.</p> <h2>The ‘alternative’ voices of cancer survivorship</h2> <p>The diverse approach Newton-John took to cancer treatment was a distinguishing part of <a href="https://www.womanandhome.com/life/olivia-newton-john-reveals-how-cannabis-has-helped-her-during-stage-4-cancer-battle/">her legacy</a>. As she explained when establishing the Olivia Newton-John Cancer Wellness &amp; Research Centre:</p> <blockquote> <p>I did herbal formulas, meditation and focused on a vision of complete wellness.</p> </blockquote> <p>Explaining her “pro cannabis” stance on <a href="https://www.9news.com.au/national/olivia-newton-johhn-60-minutes-cancer-medicinal-cannabis-key-to-recovery/3fe1b1ce-f8dd-43fd-b534-d2f4000dfd1e">60 minutes in 2019</a>, she reflected a growing recognition of community interest in diverse approaches to pain and symptom management, and how such community views often rub up against legal and regulatory constraints. Australia only <a href="https://www.nps.org.au/australian-prescriber/articles/prescribing-medicinal-cannabis#:%7E:text=The%20Australian%20Federal%20Government%20legalised,flower%20products%20are%20also%20available">legalised</a> medicinal cannabis in 2016, and many reservations persist among the Australian medical community.</p> <p>Being open about her experience, Newton-John gave voice to things which many Australian cancer patients try, and believe in, but many in the medical community continue to push back on. In Australia, <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1743-7563.2010.01329.x">more than</a> <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1744388118307679">half</a> of people living with cancer use alternative treatments over the course of their cancer journeys. Yet, alternative practices, including herbal products and medicinal cannabis, remain largely absent from mainstream cancer care. This risks putting mainstream medicine out of step with community beliefs.</p> <p>As regularly noted, managing patient interest in “alternative” cancer care is a tricky area, but what is clear is that openness and frank discussions serve everyone best. A <a href="https://academic.oup.com/jnci/article/114/1/25/6189098?login=true">harm-reduction</a> approach, which discusses and detects any dangerous side-effects or interactions, is safer than silencing what people living with cancer are doing or believe in.</p> <h2>Challenges to unhelpful cancer narratives</h2> <p>Cancer has suffered from a wide range of misconceptions and misrepresentations, ranging from ideas about cancer as a “death sentence”, or the idea that you either beat it or succumb to it. People often feel this does them a disservice.</p> <p>People with cancer are so much more than a “cancer patient”, and they don’t want to be trapped in that frame. They can live well with cancer, without focusing entirely on trying to be cancer-free to the exclusion of all else. Newton-John <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/oct/26/olivia-newton-john-i-dont-wish-cancer-on-anyone-else-but-for-me-it-has-been-a-gift">emphasised this idea regularly</a>.</p> <p>Likewise, the expectation of “<a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0038038502036001006">cancer heroics</a>” is an all-consuming and unhelpful cultural ideal. Sometimes “fighting” works and is needed, but in many contexts and particularly for long-term survivors, focusing on quality of life and wellness is critical.</p> <p>This is likely why various alternative practices have gained traction, despite the slim evidence base for many. The world of “alternative therapies” has tended to present to the community a more person-centred approach, regardless of whether this is actually achieved by many practitioners in practice.</p> <h2>Towards ‘survivorship’</h2> <p>Cancer “<a href="https://www.cancercouncil.com.au/cancer-information/living-well/after-cancer-treatment/adjusting-to-life-after-treatment/who-is-a-cancer-survivor/">survivorship</a>”, in its broadest sense, denotes a broad focus, inclusive of the mind, body and the social life of the person living with cancer, not merely their disease, symptoms or treatment side-effects.</p> <p>Even two decades ago, the emphasis was almost exclusively placed on curative cancer treatment, treatment discovery, or post-curative experiences. This overly disease-centred focus tended to marginalise the many people who will continue to live on <em>with</em> cancer.</p> <p> </p> <p>Person-centred approaches, in their many forms, show <a href="https://bmcnurs.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12912-017-0206-6">considerable benefit</a>, although there continues to be a diverse set of understandings about what it <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959804921003403">actually means</a>. The broad principle of person-centredness is that we are much more than a disease and this matters throughout all aspects of care. Our care needs to be structured around our beliefs, psychological and social needs and <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jocn.14312">life experiences</a>. This may sound simple, but it is often not a central part of the picture.</p> <p>While we are making progress, as Newton-John was acutely aware, there is so much more to do in this realm. Based on our <a href="https://www.canceraustralia.gov.au/impacted-cancer/what-cancer/cancer-australia-statistics">most recent estimates</a> more than one million Australians alive today are either currently living with cancer or have lived with it. Strategies which help all of us touched by cancer to <em>live well</em>, whether cured or not, should be the priority moving forward.</p> <p>While we must be careful not to push too far in the other direction – a <a href="https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9780822394716/html">cruel optimism</a> which threatens to <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1357034X15586240">sideline</a> the hard, sad and often difficult experiences of cancer – a balance is needed which we have not quite reached.</p> <p>Olivia Newton-John’s death will likely be difficult for some living with cancer. Important survivorship stories, when they come to a close, are difficult. So, let’s not pretend. Endings are hard, but a life well lived it also something to celebrate.<!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines --></p> <p><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/alex-broom-121063">Alex Broom</a>, Professor of Sociology &amp; Director, Sydney Centre for Healthy Societies, The University of Sydney., <em><a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-sydney-841">University of Sydney</a></em></p> <p>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation.</a> Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/olivia-newton-john-gave-a-voice-to-those-with-cancer-and-shifted-the-focus-to-the-life-of-survivors-188444">original article</a>.</p> <p><em>Image: Getty</em></p>

Caring

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Jessica Mauboy and her beau tie the knot

<p dir="ltr">Jessica Mauboy and her beau Themeli Magripilis have finally tied the knot!</p> <p dir="ltr">The loved up couple exchanged vows at a small church ceremony in Darwin on Saturday, followed by a reception for more than 300 guests at the Mindil Beach Casino Resort, according to NT Times. </p> <p dir="ltr">The pair are still yet to share photos of their big day. </p> <p dir="ltr">Jessica and Themeli, 32, who have been dating since they were 18, got engaged on holiday in Greece in 2019.</p> <p dir="ltr">“The love of my life proposed to me in his family's home town of Kalymnos, Greece, on the beach at sunset,” she wrote on Instagram at the time.</p> <p dir="ltr">“We are so happy. I can't wait to spend the rest of my life with my best friend. Thank you for all the love. BIG LOVE JM &amp; Themeli.”</p> <p dir="ltr">They met at a Darwin nightclub with Jessica making the first move and eventually getting Themeli’s number.</p> <p dir="ltr">“I’m the one who made the move and ended up getting his number from a really good friend,” <em>The Voice</em> coach previously said.</p> <p dir="ltr">“I texted and said ‘I’d really like this to work, how about you?’ and I didn’t think I would do anything in my life like that.</p> <p dir="ltr">Jessica said that she was “grateful” to have Themeli in her life despite them both being in different industries. </p> <p dir="ltr">“He's been so completely patient but he also loves seeing the joy and gets a kick out of me doing what I love to do,” she said.</p> <p dir="ltr">“We live in different worlds. I mean, he's in construction, I'm in the music business. So it's very, very different worlds, but he absolutely loves it.”</p> <p dir="ltr">“He loves his music, and I'm just really grateful to have someone like that in my life who understands what I do.”</p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image: Instagram</em></p>

Relationships

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Tom Hanks questions why Tim Allen wasn’t in Lightyear

<p dir="ltr">Tom Hanks has questioned why Disney replaced <em>Toy Story</em> voice actor Tim Allen with Chris Evans in <em>Lightyear</em>.</p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Toy Story</em> featured both Hanks and Allen as voices for Woody and Buzz respectively across the four films from 1995 to 2019.</p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Lightyear</em>, a spin-off of the series did not feature either Hanks or Allen, instead had Chris Evans who voiced Buzz.</p> <p dir="ltr">Hanks was asked about how he felt about his new film <em>Elvis</em> going head-to-head with Lightyear. </p> <p dir="ltr">“How ’bout that? I actually wanted to go head-to-head with Tim Allen, and then they didn’t let Tim Allen do it. I don’t understand that,” he told CinemaBlend.</p> <p dir="ltr">It comes as Allen revealed why he was not involved with the making of <em>Lightyear</em>.</p> <p dir="ltr">“This is a whole new team that really had nothing to do with the first movies,” he told Extra.</p> <p dir="ltr">“The short answer is I’ve stayed out of this ’cause it has nothing to do [with his character].</p> <p dir="ltr"> “There’s really no ‘Toy Story’ Buzz without Woody.”</p> <p dir="ltr">Allen said he was hoping that the spin-off would have more of a connection with the original series. </p> <p dir="ltr">“[It is] a wonderful story, it just doesn’t seem to have any connection to the toy.”</p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image: Getty</em></p>

Movies

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18 hidden voice memos features you never knew about

<p><strong>Make the most of your voice memo app</strong></p> <p>Your iPhone is packed with productivity tools, but you don’t have to download a dozen apps for your device to become a true time-saver. Apple’s voice memo app alone can add to your productivity, help you keep track of your appointments and reminders, and act as your personal assistant. Use Voice Memos to record conversations, meetings, lectures, and the great idea you had while driving or walking the dog. You can even record a phone call on your iPhone by using the Voice Memos app.</p> <p>The app is easy to locate – you’ll find it in your Utilities folder, though you can move it wherever you’d like, or ask Siri to open it for you. It’s easy to use. It’s available on iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch and Apple computers. And best of all, it’s free. There’s no time limit for recordings (it’s dependent on the internal storage capacity of your device), so you can likely record that entire lecture without worry.</p> <p>Scroll down for tips that take you beyond voice memo recording and to all of the truly cool things you can do with a voice memo app.</p> <p><strong>Record a voice memo</strong></p> <p>There are a whole host of reasons you might make good use of a voice memo app. Maybe your boss loves to have walking meetings, but you’re not quite skilled at walking, note-taking… and not running into a tree. Maybe you’re meeting colleagues for a brainstorming dinner and want to keep track of everyone’s ideas. Or maybe you need a quick way to take down a brilliant idea – for a business, a birthday gift, you name it – during your commute.</p> <p>It’s incredibly easy to use your iPhone’s Voice Memos app. (Just be sure to ask the other person’s permission first!) Here’s how:</p> <p>Open the Voice Memos app.</p> <p>To start recording, tap the red record button.</p> <p>Boom! You’re recording your conversation.</p> <p><strong>Pause a recording</strong></p> <p>While you may often record straight through without breaks, there are times when you may want to pause a recording. For instance, during an important lunch meeting with colleagues, you really don’t need to keep track of your coworkers ordering coffee at the care. This iPhone trick will also be helpful during conversations with long pauses or when you’re put on hold. Here’s how to do it:</p> <p>While recording, tap or swipe up on the recording field at the bottom of your screen to bring it into full-screen view.</p> <p>Tap the pause symbol to temporarily stop recording.</p> <p>Tap Resume to continue.</p> <p><strong>Stop a recording</strong></p> <p>When you’re done recording your conversation, remember to actually stop the recording or you’ll be stuck with a really long voice memo that eats into your storage space. Here’s how to do it:</p> <ul> <li><strong>In partial-screen view</strong>: Hit the red square.</li> <li><strong>In full-screen view</strong>: Tap the pause button, then hit the word Done.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Delete a recording</strong></p> <p>Not every recording is worth saving. If you decide you don’t need yours, it’s easy to delete. Here’s how to do that:</p> <p>In your All Recordings list, find the voice memo you’d like to delete.</p> <p>Select the recording to expand the field.</p> <p>Tap the trash can.</p> <p><strong>Recover a recently deleted recording</strong></p> <p>If you delete the wrong file, don’t panic. Just as you can recover deleted photos, you can recover recently deleted recordings. Just follow the steps below.</p> <p>Navigate to the main Voice Memos screen.</p> <p>Tap Recently Deleted.</p> <p>Tap the recording you’d like to restore.</p> <p>Select Recover to restore your recording.</p> <p>To recover multiple deleted voice memos, select Edit in the upper-right corner. Tap all of the recordings you’d like to restore, then select Recover All from the lower left-hand corner.</p> <p>One thing to bear in mind: you only have about 30 days to recover deleted files.</p> <p><strong>Save a recording in the Voice Memos app</strong></p> <p>If you’re satisfied with your recording, you’ll want to save it. Thankfully, a voice memo on iPhone saves automatically. As soon as you stop a recording, it’ll save in the Voice Memos app and appear in your All Recordings list. Yep, it’s actually as simple as that.</p> <p><strong>Rename your recording</strong></p> <p>Be sure to give your file a new name so you’ll be able to find it easily in the future. Here’s how to do that:</p> <p>Tap the recording.</p> <p>Tap on the name.</p> <p>Type your new file name.</p> <p><strong>Save a recording to an iCloud folder</strong></p> <p>While Voice Memos automatically saves a recording, you may want to save it to iCloud for extra security – or so you can access it from any device. By following the steps below, you’ll ensure your voice memo remains in the app and in your chosen folder.</p> <p>Tap the recording you want to move.</p> <p>Look for a circle with three dots in it. Tap it.</p> <p>Select Save to Files from the list below.</p> <p>Tap the folder you’d like to add it to.</p> <p>To create a new iCloud folder, tap the folder icon in the top right corner.</p> <p><strong>Organise recordings in Voice Memos folders</strong></p> <p>If you use the voice memo app often, you may want to organise your recordings to make them easier to find, just as you would organise your apps for easier access. You can group them in folders, which you’ll find on the main Voice Memos screen.</p> <p>Here’s how to move a voice memo to a folder:</p> <p>Tap the recording you want to move.</p> <p>Tap the circle with three dots in it (to the right of the recording’s name).</p> <p>Select Move to Folder from the list below.</p> <p>Tap on the folder you want your recording to appear in.</p> <p>To create a new folder, tap the folder icon in the lower right-hand corner. Give the folder a name, then select Save. Select that folder to save your recording there.</p> <p><strong>Crop a recording</strong></p> <p>There are many reasons why you might want to crop your new file. Musicians often use the Voice Memos app and then crop out the bits they don’t want to share. One thing to keep in mind: While the crop icon looks the same as in Voice Memos as it does in other apps, the function is actually called Trim.</p> <p>Navigate to your All Recordings list.</p> <p>Tap the voice memo you want to crop.</p> <p>Tap the button to the right of your recording that looks like three small dots in a circle.</p> <p>Select the Edit Recording option.</p> <p>Tap the crop tool at the top right of the file.</p> <p>Drag the yellow trim handles until the section you want to keep is highlighted in yellow and the section you want to crop is in white.</p> <p>Be sure to check that you’re keeping the part you want. Tap the play button to listen.</p> <p>Click the Trim button to crop everything except the section highlighted in yellow.</p> <p>Tap save and then Done, and you’re good to go.</p> <p>You can also delete an entire portion of your recording. With the section selected (it’ll be yellow), tap the Delete button. Remember, Trim removes everything except the yellow segment, while Delete removes the yellow segment.</p> <p><strong>Replace sections of a recording</strong></p> <p>If you mumbled or coughed in the middle of an important voice memo, fear not! It’s really easy to record over the bits you don’t like.</p> <p>Go to your All Recordings list.</p> <p>Tap the recording you want to fix.</p> <p>Tap the button to the right of your recording that looks like three small dots in a circle.</p> <p>Select Edit Recording.</p> <p>Move your finger over the waveform (the lines that visually represent your recording) until you’re in the section of your recording you want to replace.</p> <p>Tap the red Replace button to start recording. The waveform will turn red while you record.</p> <p>Tap the pause button when you’re done.</p> <p>Check your recording by hitting the play button. If you’re satisfied, tap Done to save your changes.</p> <p>The great news: You can do this in as many places as you like to make sure you’re happy with the entire recording.</p> <p><strong>Speed up or slow down a recording</strong></p> <p>If a fast or slow talker is making your voice memo sound weird, or if you need to speed up or slow down a section of music, you can do that easily with the voice memo app.</p> <p>Navigate to your All Recordings list.</p> <p>Tap the audio file you want to speed up or slow down.</p> <p>You’ll see an icon in the bottom left corner that looks like a synthesizer, or three lines with buttons. Tap the icon.</p> <p>Under Playback Speed, move the horizontal slider to the left (toward the tortoise icon) to slow down the playback speed of your recording. Move it to the right (toward the hare) to speed up your recording.</p> <p>Tap the X at the top right of the box to close the screen.</p> <p>Press play on your recording to test the new speed.</p> <p>If you’re not happy with the way it sounds, return to the Playback Speed function and select the blue Reset option.</p> <p>When you’re happy with the recording, tap the X to close the screen again.</p> <p><strong>Automatically skip silences in a recording</strong></p> <p>Unlike in real life, it’s really easy to remove awkward silences from recordings in your Voice Memos app.</p> <p>Tap the audio file you want to edit.</p> <p>Tap the icon in the lower-left corner that looks like a synthesiser (three stacked lines, each with a knob).</p> <p>Toggle on the Skip Silence button.</p> <p>Tap the X icon.</p> <p>Tap the play button to listen to the recording and see if you like the way it sounds.</p> <p><strong>Enhance a recording</strong></p> <p>While writing this article, I was typing in the background. I also coughed quite a few times, which didn’t sound amazing on my recording. If you have street noises or other background sounds on your voice memo or just want to create a more professional recording, you can easily enhance it, just as I did.</p> <p>Tap the audio file you want to edit.</p> <p>Tap the icon in the lower-left corner that looks like a synthesiser (three stacked lines, each with a knob).</p> <p>Toggle on the Enhance Recording button.</p> <p>Tap the X icon.</p> <p>Tap the play button to listen to the recording and see if you like the way it sounds.</p> <p><strong>Duplicate a recording</strong></p> <p>Before you edit any recording, you probably should make a backup. That way, if you end up hating your edits, you always have a fresh copy of the original. It’s also helpful if you want to compare the original with the edits.</p> <p>Go to your All Recordings list.</p> <p>Tap the recording you want to duplicate.</p> <p>Tap the button to the right of your recording that looks like three small dots inside a circle.</p> <p>Select Duplicate from the list.</p> <p>The copy of your recording will appear directly below the original with the word “copy” added to the file name. Tap the file to change the file name.</p> <p><strong>Copy a recording</strong></p> <p>I like to keep copies of all my important files in several places. If a file becomes corrupted, I can head to my backup and work from there. Here’s how to copy a recording in your iPhone Voice Memos app.</p> <p>Go to your All Recordings list.</p> <p>Tap the recording you want to copy.</p> <p>Tap the button to the right of your recording that looks like three small dots in a circle.</p> <p>Select Copy from the list.</p> <p>From there, you can paste the voice memo into an email or text to send to yourself (or someone else) as a backup.</p> <p><strong>Share a recording</strong></p> <p>There are many reasons why you might want to share your recording. Maybe your colleagues want a copy of that daylong meeting you recorded or you’re sending your audio notes to someone for transcription. The Voice Memos app makes sharing your file super simple; just follow the steps below.</p> <p>Navigate to your All Recordings list.</p> <p>Tap the file you want to share.</p> <p>Tap the button to the right of your recording that looks like three small dots in a circle.</p> <p>Select Share from the options below.</p> <p>Select how you’d like to share this file, such as via email, text, or AirDrop.</p> <p><strong>Record a phone call</strong></p> <p>Maybe you’re speaking with a lawyer and want to catch every last detail. Or maybe you’re interviewing someone. Whatever your reason, it’s helpful to know how to record a phone conversation. Apple doesn’t make that easy – you can’t record a call in Voice Memos while you’re on your phone. But there’s a workaround: Use two devices.</p> <p>Open the Voice Memos app on your iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch, or Mac computer.</p> <p>Start recording by tapping the red record button.</p> <p>Make your phone call from a different phone. Be sure to place the call on speaker so Voice Memos captures both sides of the conversation.</p> <p>When your call is over, hang up the phone and stop recording.</p> <p><em><span id="docs-internal-guid-cf7fa5ea-7fff-554b-232e-079b0ae53d8c">Written by Rachel Weingarten. This article first appeared in <a href="https://www.readersdigest.co.nz/true-stories-lifestyle/science-technology/18-hidden-voice-memos-features-you-never-knew-about" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reader’s Digest</a>. For more of what you love from the world’s best-loved magazine, <a href="http://readersdigest.innovations.co.nz/c/readersdigestemailsubscribe?utm_source=over60&amp;utm_medium=articles&amp;utm_campaign=RDSUB&amp;keycode=WRA87V" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here’s our best subscription offer.</a></span></em></p> <p><em>Image: Getty Images</em></p>

Technology

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Meet the former Voice contestant representing Australia at Eurovision 2022

<p dir="ltr">After a tight race at this year’s <em>Eurovision - Australia Decides 2022</em> competition, 22-year-old Sheldon Riley will be representing the country at this year’s <em>Eurovision</em>. </p> <p dir="ltr">The young performer first shot to notoriety when he auditioned for <em>The X Factor</em> in 2016, where he came in third place. </p> <p dir="ltr">Following his time on <em>The X Factor</em>, Sheldon auditioned for <em>The Voice Australia</em> 2019, where he was coached by Delta Goodrem before he was eliminated in the semi-final. </p> <p dir="ltr">Sheldon also appeared on <em>America’s Got Talent</em> in 2020, but was eliminated in the third-quarter final. </p> <p dir="ltr">The young artist performed his original song <em>Not the Same</em> at the Australia Decides competition, and spoke to <a href="https://www.pedestrian.tv/entertainment/eurovision-australia-decides-2022-sheldon-riley/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Pedestrian</a> after he was crowned the winner. </p> <p dir="ltr">“This is the stage I have watched for years and years and years and now I’m going to be standing on it!” Sheldon said.</p> <p dir="ltr">He reflected on his experience in competitive singing shows and the way they tried to mould him into personas he didn’t identify with.</p> <p dir="ltr">“Now I’m standing on a stage being respected as an artist not as a competitor. That means the world to me,” he explained.</p> <blockquote class="instagram-media" style="background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);" data-instgrm-permalink="https://www.instagram.com/p/CaiFUoivZmN/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" data-instgrm-version="14"> <div style="padding: 16px;"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;"> </div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;"> </div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 19% 0;"> </div> <div style="display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;"> </div> <div style="padding-top: 8px;"> <div style="color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;">View this post on Instagram</div> </div> <div style="padding: 12.5% 0;"> </div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center;"> <div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(0px) translateY(7px);"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; height: 12.5px; transform: rotate(-45deg) translateX(3px) translateY(1px); width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(9px) translateY(-18px);"> </div> </div> <div style="margin-left: 8px;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;"> </div> <div style="width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; transform: translateX(16px) translateY(-4px) rotate(30deg);"> </div> </div> <div style="margin-left: auto;"> <div style="width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(16px);"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px; transform: translateY(-4px);"> </div> <div style="width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(-4px) translateX(8px);"> </div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 24px;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 224px;"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 144px;"> </div> </div> <p style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/CaiFUoivZmN/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" target="_blank" rel="noopener">A post shared by SHELDON RILEY (@sheldonriley)</a></p> </div> </blockquote> <p dir="ltr">Sheldon also touched on the meaning behind his emotional power ballad <em>Not the Same</em>, and how it reflects his own struggles. </p> <p dir="ltr">“There is such an unseen community in Australia who have no idea who they are and what they’re capable of,” Sheldon said.</p> <p dir="ltr">“I come from a very religious and reserved family [and I’m also] a kid of public housing.”</p> <p dir="ltr">“I didn’t know what I was going to be able to achieve and create. Now I work with Australia’s best and I’m about to represent the country!”</p> <p dir="ltr">“It’s just a little crazy, isn’t it?”</p> <p dir="ltr">You can catch Sheldon Riley in the second <em>Eurovision</em> semi-final on May 13th on SBS. </p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image credits: Instagram @sheldonriley</em></p> <p><span id="docs-internal-guid-2bd8cb04-7fff-e4c0-6574-c44358f73bb7"></span></p>

Music

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Keep it down! Sleeping brains are on the lookout for unfamiliar voices

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Though it seems logical, using a different voice around someone who is sleeping may actually disturb their sleep more than just using our regular voices, according to a new study.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Swiss and Austrian researchers </span><a rel="noopener" href="https://www.scimex.org/newsfeed/your-brain-is-on-the-lookout-for-unfamiliar-voices-when-you-sleep" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">have found</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> that when we’re asleep, our brains respond to unfamiliar voices more than familiar ones, after detecting large-scale brain activity and an increase in brain waves linked to sensory disturbances during sleep.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The study, published in the journal </span><em><a rel="noopener" href="https://cgphx04.na1.hubspotlinks.com/Btc/OM+113/cgPHX04/VW1TS170Fg4VW3nRxd04VpNVZW6hm-BV4D8bTrN8mSy3V5nKv5V3Zsc37CgRZmW57tt3s7xXDwmW2sZSKw1Rcsc0W1jKxBG7RK4KSN1sdn9WxYkk6W1svsnn3BZ_hHW1GkP776LHK-nVj9H699cM-SsW2yKSsW3D3lmnW2NQ6V03Db9hQN1TFjPpCMLNJV9GX5r8BxvdFW68smqv4RyYXWW9kNw942hZkJbVQF1G43LlQLFW8ktNxM1V43rqW8sMdbs5XX2vYW1XC0zR13xsb4W3PxNr23y4gRdW59jnQR1wVRFFW5qGsV046lL63W2Yyh5c9fbVL3W4R1B4d3BHMNyW2flvj11090kFW2gvPvl3LTLx3N85kwBh5Xjd4VDhqMH2k-VDhW1GYNYm2BlY0nW6h1YgK1j1X9yN6ckPYgVJPb5W531XTd5TMPCmW1PGjhS1B7VFnW1TdSmN6RDm-M33XN1" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">JNeurosci</span></a></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">, saw University of Salzburg researchers monitor the brain activity of sleeping adults in response to familiar and unfamiliar voices.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Though both familiar and unfamiliar voices triggered the particular type of brain wave - called K-complexes - the researchers found that more of these brain waves were triggered by unfamiliar voices, which were accompanied by changes in brain activity linked to sensory processing.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Interestingly, reactions to the unknown voices decreased as the night wore on and as the voices became more familiar. This suggests that our brains may still be able to learn while we’re asleep.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The team also suggest that the brain waves they detected allow our brains to enter a “sentinel processing mode” while we snooze, which allows our brains to stay asleep but still be able to respond to stimuli in our environment.</span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Image: Getty Images</span></em></p>

Mind

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“I’m so sorry”: Guy Sebastian apologises for pro-vax video

<p>Guy Sebastian has issued an emotional apology after posting a now-deleted social media message urging Australians to get vaccinated which was part a music industry advertisement called #VaxTheNation’.</p> <p>In an Instagram video shared late Monday night, <em>The Voice </em>judge claimed the original post from #VaxTheNation had been published without his “direct involvement” and he told his followers he was “really sorry.”</p> <p>“I would never, ever tell people what to do when it comes to their personal health choices,” he said.</p> <blockquote style="background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);" class="instagram-media" data-instgrm-permalink="https://www.instagram.com/tv/CTetG9WlvjV/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" data-instgrm-version="13"> <div style="padding: 16px;"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;"></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;"></div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 19% 0;"></div> <div style="display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;"></div> <div style="padding-top: 8px;"> <div style="color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;">View this post on Instagram</div> </div> <p style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;" rel="noopener" href="https://www.instagram.com/tv/CTetG9WlvjV/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" target="_blank">A post shared by guysebastian (@guysebastian)</a></p> </div> </blockquote> <p><strong>#VaxTheNation is an advertising campaign</strong></p> <p>#VaxTheNation is an advertising campaign for the music industry, urging Australians to get vaccinated so live shows can resume.</p> <p>Music industry heavyweights including Jimmy Barnes, Amy Shark, and the Hilltop Hoods, along with major record labels, ticketing agencies and festival organisers, have backed the <a rel="noopener" href="https://www.vaxthenation.com.au/" target="_blank">#VaxTheNation</a><br />initiative, which was released on Monday.</p> <p>The campaign calls for Australians to help “stop the interruptions” to the entertainment industry and help end the cycle of lockdowns.</p> <p>Sebastian is promoted among the high-profile names behind the cause.</p> <p>But it seems Sebastian has had second thoughts and he aired these on his Instagram video, saying:</p> <p>“I’m sure some of you today would have seen an industry call-out with the best of intentions for our live music industry – which has been absolutely decimated – trying to find a pathway forward so that we can all assemble together again.”</p> <p>“While I, like everybody else in my industry, want things to get going again, it is not my role to communicate in a way that that post was communicated,” he said.</p> <p>“I would never, ever tell people what to do when it comes to their personal health choices. I’m very sensitive of it – not only on a public level, but even in my personal life, with people who have circumstances that they have to consider when making these choices.”</p> <p>Sebastian ended with a direct apology: “I just want to say I’m really sorry, it was not a post that communicated with the love or compassion which I feel is needed when it comes to addressing things like vaccinations.</p> <p>“I just wanted to clarify that so I could speak my truth and people would know how I actually feel.”</p> <p><strong>Apology seems to have backfired</strong></p> <p>It seems the apology video seems to have backfired, with many fans and fellow musos left confused by his message.</p> <p><strong>Ben Lee</strong> tweeted: ‘To be honest, this is actually a really sad example of what happens when your career is dependent on trying to be all things to all people.’</p> <p>Another tweeted: ‘Man, any musicians apologising for trying to get back to work by advocating for a safer audience is self defeating. Unpack your spine ya goofballs.’</p> <p>And <strong>Joel Creasey</strong> tweeted: ‘But seriously, Guy trying to sit on the fence in a pandemic is a fun new move.’</p> <p>Last year, Sebastian copped a similar backlash from the industry after posing with Prime Minister Scott Morrison in an unpaid role to help promote the federal government’s $250 million emergency relief package.</p> <p>But the botched funding was widely criticised by the entertainment industry, who were disappointed by the slow rollout - and Sebastian later told the <em>Herald Sun</em> he felt he’d been used as a “prop” by the Federal Government.</p> <p>“I copped it, because I was trying to support something I believed would make a difference. And it hasn’t, so that’s on me,” Sebastian said.</p> <p>“I made that decision, I’ll cop it, that’s fair enough. But it doesn’t mean I agree with how it’s been rolled out, I think it’s dismal.”</p> <p><strong>Sebastian’s personal decision</strong></p> <p>In a statement to news.com.au, Sebastian made his position on vaccination clear: “There is no confusion, I made the personal decision to be double vaccinated. I support the music industry initiatives to revive our industry, however, I personally don’t believe it is my place to deal in absolutes to tell people what to do in regards to their personal health choices. We need to remember to communicate with empathy and understanding. This has always been my goal.”</p> <p><em>Image: Instagram</em></p>

News

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Princess Diana's voice coach's sweet promise to her sons

<p>Princess Diana's voice coach Stewart Pearce has opened up about his experience with working with the late royal in his new book Diana: The Voice of Change.</p> <p>The biography is almost 25 years in the making after Pearce kept a decades-long promise to Princess Diana after she sought him out after the controversial Panorama interview in 1995.</p> <p>This interview is where she famously said that there "were three of us in the marriage", meaning herself, Prince Charles and his now-wife Camilla.</p> <p>"She sought me out after that Panorama interview because she looked at herself on screen and realized that she wasn't appearing to be as powerful as she wanted to be. She felt quite submissive," Pearce tells T&amp;C.</p> <p>"She wanted to try and find a way of really balancing her private self with her public persona so that there is no change between the two—so she could stand on a platform and render forth whatever she needed to say, but feel good about it, to feel relaxed, to feel confident, to feel empowered, and to feel harmony."</p> <p>She and Pearce spoke about a book about their time together before she died in a car crash, but she was insistent that she didn't want the book published until her sons, Prince Harry and Prince William, were settled in their lives.</p> <p>"When we were working together during the latter stages of her life—not that we knew that then, of course, her death came as a very surprising, shocking, horrific event—but she said to me, 'Wouldn't it be wonderful if all this work we've done became a book? And I said, 'Yeah, that would be wonderful. Wouldn't it?'</p> <p>She said, "Yes, but don't write it until the boys are married, because then they're going to be exploring their own power in the world and discovering their own sovereignty.' And that was just a passing statement, so I thought that was rather amusing, but I waited until now."</p> <p>He wanted to document Diana's "essence" instead of the time they spent together.</p> <p>"I wrote the book because I felt that there was something very valuable to say about Diana's soul what allowed her to ignite the radiance that she brought forth into the world," he says.</p> <p>"[Most biographies] chronicle Diana's life, as though they were social diaries. And I chose not to do that. I wanted to go to the very essence of who she was and to talk about the quality of her soul, which was just so remarkable in its beauty, in its loving, in its compassion, in its empathy."</p>

Books

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Why do we hate the sound of our own voices?

<p><a href="http://scholar.google.com/citations?user=zZY5ezsAAAAJ&amp;hl=en">As a surgeon who specializes in treating patients with voice problems</a>, I routinely record my patients speaking. For me, these recordings are incredibly valuable. They allow me to track slight changes in their voices from visit to visit, and it helps confirm whether surgery or voice therapy led to improvements.</p> <p>Yet I’m surprised by how difficult these sessions can be for my patients. Many become visibly uncomfortable upon hearing their voice played back to them.</p> <p>“Do I really sound like that?” they wonder, wincing.</p> <p>(Yes, you do.)</p> <p>Some become so unsettled they refuse outright to listen to the recording – much less go over the subtle changes I want to highlight.</p> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.2005.01022.x">The discomfort we have over hearing our voices in audio recordings</a> is probably due to a mix of physiology and psychology.</p> <p>For one, the sound from an audio recording is transmitted differently to your brain than the sound generated when you speak.</p> <p>When listening to a recording of your voice, the sound travels through the air and into your ears – what’s referred to as “<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-385157-4.00121-4">air conduction</a>.” The sound energy vibrates the ear drum and small ear bones. These bones then transmit the sound vibrations to the cochlea, which stimulates nerve axons that send the auditory signal to the brain.</p> <p>However, when you speak, the sound from your voice reaches the inner ear in a different way. While some of the sound is transmitted through air conduction, much of the sound is <a href="https://doi.org/10.1159/000266070">internally conducted directly through your skull bones</a>. When you hear your own voice when you speak, it’s due to a blend of both external and internal conduction, and internal bone conduction appears to boost the lower frequencies.</p> <p>For this reason, people generally perceive their voice as deeper and richer when they speak. The recorded voice, in comparison, can sound thinner and higher pitched, which many find cringeworthy.</p> <p>There’s a second reason hearing a recording of your voice can be so disconcerting. It really is a new voice – one that exposes a difference between your self-perception and reality. <a href="https://www.npr.org/2019/07/15/741827437/finding-your-voice-how-the-way-we-sound-shapes-our-identities">Because your voice is unique and an important component of self-identity</a>, this mismatch can be jarring. Suddenly you realize other people have been hearing something else all along.</p> <p>Even though we may actually sound more like our recorded voice to others, I think the reason so many of us squirm upon hearing it is not that the recorded voice is necessarily worse than our perceived voice. Instead, we’re simply more used to hearing ourselves sound a certain way.</p> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.2005.01022.x">A study published in 2005</a> had patients with voice problems rate their own voices when presented with recordings of them. They also had clinicians rate the voices. The researchers found that patients, across the board, tended to more negatively rate the quality of their recorded voice compared with the objective assessments of clinicians.</p> <p>So if the voice in your head castigates the voice coming out of a recording device, it’s probably your inner critic overreacting – and you’re judging yourself a bit too harshly.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/158376/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines --></p> <p><span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/neel-bhatt-1222653">Neel Bhatt</a>, Assistant Professor of Otolaryngology, UW Medicine, <em><a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-washington-699">University of Washington</a></em></span></p> <p>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/why-do-we-hate-the-sound-of-our-own-voices-158376">original article</a>.</p>

Mind

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Nicole Kidman shows off incredible singing voice

<p><span>Nicole Kidman has reminded fans that she not only acts, but she sings spectacularly too.</span><br /><br /><span>The Undoing actress, 53, leant her vocals to the TV show's title track after her director Susanne Bier persuaded her.</span><br /><br /><span>Kidman posted a video of her singing the song 'Dream A Little Dream Of Me' on Instagram.</span><br /><br /><span>She went on to explain that Bier called her to say, "I've had an idea — I want you to record the title sequence."</span><br /><br /><span>"I was like, 'Absolutely not'," Kidman responded, before adding, "Then she said 'You have to. And I went 'OK'."</span><br /><br /><span>While many may not know she has some serious vocal chops, this is not her first public performance.</span></p> <blockquote style="background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);" class="instagram-media" data-instgrm-captioned="" data-instgrm-permalink="https://www.instagram.com/tv/CHDj7r2pc-S/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" data-instgrm-version="13"> <div style="padding: 16px;"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;"></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;"></div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 19% 0;"></div> <div style="display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;"></div> <div style="padding-top: 8px;"> <div style="color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;">View this post on Instagram</div> </div> <p style="margin: 8px 0 0 0; padding: 0 4px;"><a style="color: #000; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word;" rel="noopener" href="https://www.instagram.com/tv/CHDj7r2pc-S/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" target="_blank">Danish director + musician husband + filming in a basement studio = nervous singer of #TheUndoing theme song.</a></p> <p style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;">A post shared by <a style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px;" rel="noopener" href="https://www.instagram.com/nicolekidman/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" target="_blank"> Nicole Kidman</a> (@nicolekidman) on Nov 1, 2020 at 8:57am PST</p> </div> </blockquote> <p><br /><span>She sang in the musicals Moulin Rouge and Nine.</span><br /><br /><span>Despite her previous experience, she told The Sydney Morning Herald that she was incredibly nervous.</span><br /><br /><span>"I can't do with my voice what I can do when I act and that's very frustrating," Kidman said.</span><br /><br /><span>"With performance, there's the possibility I may not get there. But at least I know I can try to reach it. With voice, I just can't. I wish I could sing what I feel."</span><br /><br /><span>In an interview on Zoe Ball's Radio 2 show, Kidman explained the thought process behind recording the track.</span><br /><br /><span>"We were in lockdown. We were in Tennessee, in Nashville, and the director sent me a text going, 'Would you sing the title track, 'Dream a Little Dream,' to the series?'" Kidman said.</span></p> <blockquote style="background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);" class="instagram-media" data-instgrm-captioned="" data-instgrm-permalink="https://www.instagram.com/p/CGFWWtFpi22/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" data-instgrm-version="13"> <div style="padding: 16px;"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;"></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;"></div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 19% 0;"></div> <div style="display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;"></div> <div style="padding-top: 8px;"> <div style="color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;">View this post on Instagram</div> </div> <p style="margin: 8px 0 0 0; padding: 0 4px;"><a style="color: #000; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word;" rel="noopener" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/CGFWWtFpi22/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" target="_blank">Love getting to play dress up and chat about @UndoingHBO with @MarieClaireAU ✨ Link in bio xx</a></p> <p style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;">A post shared by <a style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px;" rel="noopener" href="https://www.instagram.com/nicolekidman/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" target="_blank"> Nicole Kidman</a> (@nicolekidman) on Oct 8, 2020 at 6:05am PDT</p> </div> </blockquote> <p><br /><span>"I was like, 'What? No, I so don't want to do that. My voice is not good,' which is always my reaction, and she said, 'No, no, I think you can sing it.'"</span><br /><br /><span>Kidman has been married to musician Keith Urban since 2006.</span><br /><br /><span>Urban helped her by offering their home studio to record the track. "We laid it down and sent it in, and they mixed it so it ended up in the series," she said.</span><br /><br /><span>"I don't know if that's a good or bad thing."</span></p>

Music

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Want to know if your partner's cheating on you? Just listen to their voice

<p>Picture Morgan Freeman, Donald Trump or Margaret Thatcher. Most likely you can hear their voices in your mind, and the characteristic inflections that they put on certain words, as well as their tone and pitch. Even without listening to the words, when you hear someone speak you can pick up important information about them from characteristics such as how loud or deep their voice is.</p> <p>At the most basic level, voices convey biological characteristics such as whether someone is <a href="http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/279/1728/601">male or female</a>, their <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347204003987?via%3Dihub">body size</a> and <a href="http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/277/1699/3509">physical strength</a>, <a href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/s15327027hc0803_2">age and sexual maturity</a>. For example, Donald Trump’s voice can signal to you that he is a man, and that he has passed middle age. But did you know that voices can also signal a person’s attractiveness, fertility and even the likelihood of them being unfaithful?</p> <p>A popular theory with evolutionary psychologists, known as <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12110-003-1008-y">“cads versus dads</a>”, suggests that more masculine, dominant men are not as paternal and generally invest less in their children and grandchildren than less masculine men. Yet research shows women generally prefer <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347204003987?via%3Dihub">deeper voiced, more masculine-sounding men</a>, especially when these women are <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0018506X05001704">near ovulation</a>.</p> <p>This may be because partnering with deeper-voiced men could lead to genetically healthier children. Deeper voices have been linked to having more <a href="http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/3/6/682">surviving children and grandchildren</a>, <a href="http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/283/1829/20152830">higher testosterone and</a> lower stress hormones, and longer-term survival in men.</p> <p>On the other hand, deeper-voiced men are also rated by women as more likely to <a href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/147470491100900109">cheat on a partner</a> and as <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090513816300368?via%3Dihub#f0005">less trustworthy</a> in general. Women who judge men with lower-pitched voices as more likely to cheat also <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886913012324?via%3Dihub">prefer those men for short-term</a> rather than long-term partners. Meanwhile, when women <a href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2008.1542">are breastfeeding</a> and so currently taking care of a child, they are more likely to prefer men with higher-pitched voices than at other times.</p> <p>This suggests women use something in men’s voices to try to assess how likely to cheat they are, as well as their general trustworthiness. This in turn can affect their attractiveness as a partner, depending on whether the women are drawn towards the paternal care of a potential long-term mate or just good genes.</p> <p><strong>Spotting a cheater</strong></p> <p>But can our voices really indicate whether we are likely to cheat? A <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/1474704917711513">recent study</a> from researchers in the US suggests that they can. Participants were played recordings of people speaking and given no other background information about them, and successfully rated cheaters as “more likely to cheat” than non-cheaters. Interestingly, women were better at this task than men.</p> <p>The recordings were taken from people with voices of similar pitch and attractiveness, who were of similar size and shape, and had similar sexual histories (aside from cheating). This means that none of these factors affected the results. So we currently don’t know what cues the participants used to judge whether the voices came from cheaters.</p> <p>It is not only women who can pick up on men’s vocal cues of good genes and likelihood to cheat, and use it to their benefit. A woman’s voice changes during her menstrual cycle when she is not using contraceptive pills. Perhaps unsurprisingly, men find women’s voices most attractive when the women are <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090513808000263?via%3Dihub">near ovulation</a> (most fertile), than at other times of the month. This information is important to pick up on, as women do not display very explicit signals that they are fertile (unlike baboon females whose bottoms turn red, or female deer who release scents to advertise their fertility).</p> <p>Voices can also signal whether someone is <a href="http://www.ehbonline.org/article/S1090-5138(14)00078-6/fulltext">interested in you</a>. In one clever study, participants were asked to judge the voices of individuals who spoke in a different language to attractive or unattractive potential partners or competitors.</p> <p>The researchers found that, when talking to attractive people, men’s voices tend to reach a deeper pitch, and both men and women increase how varied their pitch is so their voices sound more dynamic than monotonous. Practically speaking, picking up on these types of cues could allow someone to decide whether a person they are talking to might be attracted to them or not.</p> <p>In these ways, the non-verbal characteristics of voices can play a significant role in signalling health, fertility, attraction and potential infidelity, to name a few. Picking up on these cues, alongside the many other cues we receive when talking to someone, can help us make more informed and well-rounded choices about who to spend time with and who to avoid. But the next time you find yourself listening to and judging someone’s voice for these subtle cues, remember that they are judging yours, too.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/92387/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: http://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines --></p> <p><em>Written by <span>Viktoria Mileva, Postdoctoral Fellow in Psychology, University of Stirling and Juan David Leongómez, Assistant Professor of Evolutionary Psychology, El Bosque University</span>. Republished with permission of </em><a href="https://theconversation.com/want-to-know-if-your-partners-cheating-on-you-just-listen-to-their-voice-92387"><em>The Conversation</em></a><em>. </em></p>

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Scott Walker has gone but his voice will drift with us into the twilight

<p><em>Pick your day — dark, rainy, lamps on — let those songs fill the room, and you’ll be lost in the most beautiful fog in the world. Stop all the clocks, Scott is gone — but the voice that made that world is here forever.</em></p> <p>-Peter Milton Walsh,<span> </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Apartments">The Apartments</a></p> <p>In Sydney in the very early 90s, my buddy Roger and I wanted to start a kind of acoustic ensemble. We were in a swooning, noisy, melodic guitar band called the Plug Uglies, darlings of the inner west, but we needed something else. Our big idea? We wanted to play the songs of Scott Walker and<span> </span><a href="https://www.jimmywebb.com/the-songwriter">Jimmy Webb</a>. We wanted to have a go at those grand stories, the soaring melodies. We called our little ensemble The Drunk, The Monk and The Spunk. (Don’t ask.) My fingers still thrill at playing those wonderful chords.</p> <p>Scott Walker – born Noel Scott Engel in 1943 - almost exists outside time. His voice first came to greet us in the 1960s, in the Walker Brothers. A trio of Americans, not brothers at all, who found success in England in 1965 with Make It Easy on Yourself, My Ship Is Coming In and The Sun Ain’t Gonna Shine Anymore – heartfelt and emotional pop ballads, with massive orchestral arrangements, and enormous, exploding choruses, produced for Philips Records by Johnny Franz.</p> <div class="fluidvids"><iframe width="440" height="260" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Q11ium_-Lv8?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" class="fluidvids-item" data-fluidvids="loaded"></iframe></div> <p>The group, rivalling the Stones or The Kinks in popularity, collapsed under the pressure of this instant stardom, and Scott went on to release four solo albums between 1967 and 1969 – Scott, Scott 2, Scott 3 and Scott 4.</p> <p>This was the Golden Age of the songwriters. The cultural earthquake of 1968 had been followed by a wave of astounding music, and Scott Walker lies at its heart. These records shudder and swell, his sometimes obtuse lyrics adrift on poetic orchestral arrangements, mainly by Angela Morley, which define the notion of Baroque pop.</p> <p>It’s quite hard to measure the influence of these four records, but it runs deep, and in the last day many have been eloquent in their praise, from Thom Yorke and Damon Albarn to David Sylvian, Jarvis Cocker and Richard Hawley.</p> <p>David Bowie owed Walker a huge debt, partly repaid by his contribution to the making of<span> </span><a href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/scott_walker_30_century_man">30 Century Man</a>, an excellent documentary on the work of Scott Walker.</p> <div class="fluidvids"><iframe width="440" height="260" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/JEYWGQMqC74?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" class="fluidvids-item" data-fluidvids="loaded"></iframe></div> <p>Scott 4 was a commercial failure, and Walker disappeared, back into his quiet life. The Walker Brothers re-united in the 70s, and released three albums, but they also didn’t sell and he disappeared again. But in 1981, Julian Cope from Teardrop Explodes released a compilation of Scott’s 67-71 work,<span> </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2011/sep/02/fire-escape-sky-scott-walker">Fire Escape in the Sky: The Godlike Genius of Scott Walker</a>. This album influenced a generation of post-punk musicians, and became the momentum which led Walker into the next phase of his career.</p> <p>The albums Climate of Hunter, Tilt and The Drift were released across the next two decades, as Walker created a new music, unsettling and evocative and difficult. By now he had joined the British label 4AD, the home of the beautiful outsiders, in the company of true fans like The Cocteau Twins and This Mortal Coil. Rob Young has described elegantly<span> </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/mar/26/scott-walker-experimental-genius-nite-flights-tilt-bish-bosch?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;utm_medium=facebook&amp;fbclid=IwAR3WnGcbTSXD5HeoVt-JIecd5gLI5qsG8cklfk27cVBucWifK_7GmZKq1z8">in the Guardian</a><span> </span>this later period of Walker’s creative output.</p> <p>Although it appeared on 1978’s Night Flights, I find Walker’s song, The Electrician, in some ways, an aural lexicon for his entire career. Unsettling, ethereal soundscapes almost cut loose from tempo or time, bookend a rich centre, with grand melodies and exploding strings, harp notes cascading into Spanish guitar flourishes, and then the death knell of the de-tuned guitar leading us back into the cavern of torture.</p> <div class="fluidvids"><iframe width="440" height="260" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/yELbkzAIfmA?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" class="fluidvids-item" data-fluidvids="loaded"></iframe></div> <p>But the song I, and many others, return to as a touchstone is<span> </span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jLOTAJQF0Fo">Montague Terrace (In Blue)</a><span> </span>with its floating verses, a slow, ticking clock that, true to form, erupts into a grand chorus - “But we know, don’t we, And we’ll dream, won’t we?” It became the centre of our set of acoustic covers, the cello and accordion swelling under the chorus, the drifting trumpet solo. It was The Drunk, The Monk and The Spunk’s finest moment. A recording exists somewhere.</p> <p>In 2017, 4AD staged a BBC Proms event to honour the music of Scott. One of the highlights for me is Norwegian singer-songwriter Susanne Sundfør wrapping her wonderful voice around The Amorous Humphrey Plugg (from Scott 2) – it peels back the domestic façade, the woman trapped and angry, with children and home, as mired in frustration as the man is trapped in his endless thirst, the nightly pleasures of the city.</p> <div class="fluidvids"><iframe width="440" height="260" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/7GUNAtrDhOg?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" class="fluidvids-item" data-fluidvids="loaded"></iframe></div> <p>The Apartments’ Peter Milton Walsh describes this ability of Walker’s: “His lyrics were so vivid and the language was completely personal, full of night and rain and loneliness. People in a certain kind of trouble. He owned that world, just as Sinatra once did.”</p> <p>And, like Sinatra, Scott Walker had a voice. His will be with me as I drift into my twilight, as timeless as memory:</p> <blockquote> <p>Oh to die of kisses<br />Ecstasies and charms<br />Pavements of poets will write that I died<br />In nine angel’s arms.</p> </blockquote> <p>-Scott Engel</p> <p><em>Written by John Willsteed. Republished with permission of <a href="https://theconversation.com/scott-walker-has-gone-but-his-voice-will-drift-with-us-into-the-twilight-114299">The Conversation</a>.</em></p>

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Why you hate the sound of your own voice

<p>You’re watching a video of your family holiday when you suddenly cringe. Is that really what your voice sounds like? If you can’t stand the sound of your own voice, you’re not alone. But don’t worry – you’re probably the only one who gets annoyed by its sound. There’s a scientific reason you hate your own voice so much.</p> <p>When we hear an outside sound, like someone else’s voice, the sound travels through your ear, into the canal and to the eardrum, says Aaron Johnson, PhD, a US speech-language pathologist and assistant professor in the otolaryngology department at NYU Langone’s Voice Centre. Vibrations from the eardrum travel to the inner ear, where fluid makes little hair cells move. Those movements create electric energy that gets sent up to the brain, which translates it into sound.</p> <p>That exact same thing happens when you hear the sounds that come out of your own mouth – but something else happens on top of it. “As we’re talking, sound waves travel not only outside our body, but there is energy bouncing around in our mouth and throat and through our head, directly to the inner portion of our ear,” says Dr Johnson. Other people can’t sense the vibrations in your mouth, so you hear your own voice differently than they do.</p> <p>When listening to your own voice on a recording, you aren’t getting those extra vibrations in your mouth and throat, so you’ll hear what everyone else does. Because it’s as unique as your fingerprints, your voice – or what you think it sounds like – is part of your self-image. A sudden change can be off-putting. “We think of ourselves as sounding a certain way, and then we hear ourselves on recording and it’s completely different,” says Dr Johnson. “It’s unexpected. It’s like, ‘That’s not me’.”</p> <p>And there’s a reason people are rarely pleasantly surprised by this new sound. The vibrations coming directly from your head are lower, so the sound is richer. “People are surprised they sound … irritating because it sounds brighter and sounds higher than what they’re used to,” says Dr Johnson. So, when you suddenly sound more Janice from <em>Friends</em> than Morgan Freeman, you might get freaked out.</p> <p>To get over your hatred of your own voice, try listening to recordings of it, recommends Dr Johnson. “The more you get used to that, the more you acknowledge, ‘That really is my sound’,” he says.</p> <p>If you think your voice is truly annoying (and not just to you), you aren’t stuck with that sound forever. Singing lessons, public speaking classes and vocal training can help you learn how to change your voice’s sound, says Dr Johnson.</p> <p>“We sometimes see people who are just not using their voice efficiently,” he says. “You can find different ways to use your voice to produce different qualities using breath and trying not to use your throat very much.”</p> <p><em>Written by Marissa Laliberte This article first appeared in <span><a href="http://www.readersdigest.com.au/healthsmart/conditions/mental-health/why-you-hate-sound-your-own-voice">Reader’s Digest</a></span>. For more of what you love from the world’s best-loved magazine, <span><a href="http://readersdigest.innovations.com.au/c/readersdigestsubscribe?utm_source=readersdigest&amp;utm_campaign=RDSUB&amp;utm_medium=display&amp;keycode=WRA85S">here’s our best subscription offer</a></span>.</em></p> <p><img style="width: 100px !important; height: 100px !important;" src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/7820640/1.png" alt="" data-udi="umb://media/f30947086c8e47b89cb076eb5bb9b3e2" /></p>

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You can tell if someone is attracted to you by their voice

<p><em><strong>Heather Kember is a Research Fellow in Speech Processing and Dr Marina Kalashnikova is a Researcher in Infancy Studies. They are both faculty members at Western Sydney University.</strong></em></p> <p>We’ve heard of the physical effects on our body when we are talking to someone we are attracted to, like pupils getting larger or butterflies in our stomach.</p> <p>Numerous <strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/lisa-copeland/flirt-with-body-language_b_7617420.html" target="_blank">self-help websites</a></span></strong> offer tips on how to read body language to tell if the object of our affection is interested in us.</p> <p>Apparently, if their feet are facing towards us, that’s a good sign. If their arms are folded, not so much. But you can also gauge the level of someone’s attraction by their voice.</p> <p><strong>Male and female pitch</strong></p> <p>The biological gender differences in the human voice are very clear. Female voices have higher pitch and male voices have lower pitch.</p> <p>These differences are thought to be because of evolutionary pressures such as mating choices. In the animal world, pitch is <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/283219" target="_blank">associated with larger animals</a></strong></span> that can cause a bigger threat.</p> <p>So by lowering their pitch, males can show their physical dominance in front of their competitors and appear more sexually fit to females. As a result, women find <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347200915239" target="_blank">men with lower-pitched voices</a></strong></span> more attractive. It’s the opposite for men, who are <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347203921233" target="_blank">more attracted to women</a></strong></span> with higher-pitched voices, which is perceived as a marker for femininity.</p> <p>Attractiveness in the voice is important for the impressions we give our potential partners. In research settings, this is studied by asking listeners to rate voices of people they have never seen as either attractive or unattractive.</p> <p>Using this method, <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Hughes%20article.pdf" target="_blank">one study showed</a></strong></span> that people who reported being more sexually experienced and sexually active were rated to have more attractive voices by strangers. That is, the specific qualities that the raters were perceiving in the voices were indicative of these people’s mating behaviours and sexual desirability.</p> <p>We actually have the ability to change the attractiveness of our voice depending on our interlocutor, and we do this without knowing. Women sometimes modify their voices to sound most attractive during the most fertile part of their <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/251944160_Women's_voice_attractiveness_varies_across_the_menstrual_cycle" target="_blank">menstrual cycle</a></strong></span>. Men also modify the pitch in their voice, specifically when <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/b511/063a8576c3fdbffe0bc3bc5d8084bd773495.pdf" target="_blank">confronted with potential competitors</a></strong></span> in dating scenarios.</p> <p>This means that just like we fix our hairstyle or clothes to look more attractive for a date, we also give our voices an unconscious makeover to sound more attractive and sexually fit.</p> <p><strong>Sounding the same</strong></p> <p>Another phenomenon that may also cause changes in the way we speak when talking to a love interest is something called “phonetic convergence”. People who talk to each other tend to start sounding more similar, completely unaware they are doing so.</p> <p>This similarity can be speech rate (how fast we’re talking), the pitch or intonation patterns we use, or even the way we produce individual words or sounds. This <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3753450/" target="_blank">adaption can happen</a></strong></span> over long (months or years) and even very short (one-hour lab study) periods of time.</p> <p>One study <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095447011000945" target="_blank">compared the speech</a></strong></span> of five pairs of new roommates who had just moved in together. At the beginning and end of semester, researchers took recordings of each person and asked them to rate how they felt about their new roommate. They found that the roommates sounded more similar at the end compared to the beginning of semester and that this convergence was related to the ratings of closeness.</p> <p>So how could this relate to physical attraction? One proposed explanation of phonetic convergence, the <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0265407597143008" target="_blank">similarity attraction hypothesis</a></strong></span>, is that people try to be more similar to those they are attracted to. So, in an effort to be more similar to someone we are interested in, we may start to talk more similarly and maximise the chances they will also find us attractive.</p> <p>The opposite can also happen: this is called “phonetic divergence”. Divergence may occur when we <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/language-in-society/article/dialect-divergence-and-convergence-in-new-zealand-english/07375AEEC4AADA0E39BD1A5F0651981E" target="_blank">want to be more distinct</a></strong></span>, or less similar to our speaking partner, perhaps when we aren’t attracted to them.</p> <p>It also doesn’t necessarily take months for this to happen. Phonetic convergence can occur in a much shorter time.</p> <p>In <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16642851" target="_blank">another experiment</a></strong></span>, researchers brought previously unacquainted pairs of participants into the lab to complete a task. Both partners have a map, but only one has the route drawn on their map. Their job is to describe the route to their partner so they can draw it, without using pointing or other gestures, only words.</p> <p>The researchers found convergence occurred in the session and even persisted after participants had completed the experimental task.</p> <p>The great news is these changes happen automatically and unconsciously. When we face an attractive partner, our voices and speech are modified to sound more attractive and alike. So during a conversation with that special someone, your voice may be doing the hard work to let them know you are interested, which may increase your chances of getting a second date.</p> <p><em>Written by Heather Kember and Marina Kalashnikova. Republished with permission of <a href="http://theconversation.com/" target="_blank"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>The Conversation</strong></span></a>.<img width="1" height="1" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/81337/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-advanced" alt="The Conversation"/> </em></p>

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